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EOC Review

A set of flash cards to prepare students for their EOC Exam.

QuestionAnswer
What is an independent/test variable? The variable we change on purpose
What is a dependent/outcome variable? The variable that depends on the independent variable; it is what we measure
What is the difference between theory and law? A theory explains how things happen; a law describes what is happening
An observation is... What we see ourselves
An inference is... Conclusions based on our observations
Qualitative data... Consists of things we look at
Quantitative data... Consists of measurable data; numbers
What is a control group? Remains the same; used to compare the effects of variables
We use light years... Outside of our solar system
We use astronomical units... Within our solar system
Which unit of distance is farther: light year or astronomical unit? Light year
What two factors affect gravity? Mass and distance
How did gravity play a role in the formation of the solar system? The solar nebula was pulled inward by gravity; the placement of our inner and outer planets are due to the gravitational pull of the sun
How are stars classified? Color, temperature, size, brightness
What is apparent magnitude? How bright a star seems from Earth
What is absolute magnitude? How bright a star actually is
A hot star is what color? Blue
A cool star is what color? Red
What causes moon phases? The moon's position in relation to the sun and Earth
When do we experience a solar eclipse? During new moon
When do we experience a lunar eclipse? During full moon
What causes tides? Tides are caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon. The gravitational attraction of the moon causes the oceans to bulge out in the direction of the moon.
What causes seasons? Earth's tilt
Why is it hotter in summer than in winter? We receive more direct sunlight in the summer because we are tilted towards the sun. In winter, we receive indirect sunlight because we are tilted away from the sun.
Radiation transfers heat through... Electromagnetic waves
Convection transfers heat through... Currents
Conduction transfers heat through... Direct contact
What causes the uneven heating of the Earth? Earth's tilt
What causes wind and ocean currents? Uneven heating from the sun leads to convection
Weather is... Short-term
The elements we use to measure weather are... Humidity, air pressure, precipitation, temperature, visibility, wind
Climate is... Long-term
What factors influence climate? Temperature and precipitation
Cryosphere Frozen water
Hydrosphere Liquid water
Biosphere Living things and where they live
Atmosphere Air
Geosphere Solid, rocky part of Earth
List the 7 components of the water cycle. Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, runoff, infiltration, groundwater
How does the water cycle affect weather patterns and climate? Increased temperature leads to increased evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
Weathering Breaks it
Erosion Takes it
Deposition Makes it
Igneous rocks form... From cooling lava and magma
Metamorphic rocks form... By applying heat and pressure to already existing rocks
Sedimentary rocks form... From depositing layers of sediment on top of each other horizontally
List the 3 compositional layers of Earth from the outside working inward Crust, mantle, core
List the 5 physical layers of Earth from the outside working inward Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
What is the relationship between plate tectonics and the rock cycle? Plate tectonics drives the rock cycle
What layer does the lithosphere move on top of? Asthenosphere
Which layer contains tectonic plates? Lithosphere
In which layer does convection occur? Mantle
What does subduction mean? When a more dense plate sinks below a less dense plate at a convergent boundary
How do volcanoes form? Magma from within the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface. At the surface, it erupts to form lava flows and ash deposits. Over time as the volcano continues to erupt, it will get bigger and bigger.
What is superposition? Oldest layers are at the bottom, and youngest layers are at the top
What are the three types of plate boundaries? Convergent, divergent, and transform
What is the difference between faulting and folding? When rocks break, it is faulting; when they bend, it is folding
What are the two types of variables in an experiment? Independent and dependent
If I am traveling to another galaxy, what unit of measurement do I use? Light-years
List the hierarchy of the universe from largest to smallest Universe, galaxy, solar system, star, planet
What are the two types of crust? Oceanic and continental
Which crust is more dense? Oceanic
Which crust is thicker? Continental
If oceanic and continental crust meet at a convergent boundary, which type of crust will subduct? Why? Oceanic crust will subduct because it is more dense
Describe a process that occurs above or at the surface of the Earth during the rock cycle Weathering, erosion, deposition
Describe a process that occurs below the surface of the Earth during the rock cycle Melting, cooling, temperature, pressure
Why are the terrestrial planets closer to the sun, and the gaseous planets are farther away? When the solar system formed after the stellar wind, there was a stronger gravitational pull between the terrestrial planets and the sun due to the influence of mass and distance on gravity.
Created by: natalie.branin
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