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mycology glossary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Collarette | flared or straight-sided cell wall remnant at the tip of a phialide |
columella | dome-shaped top of a sporangiophore, containing sporangium |
Conidiophore | hyphal structure that serves as a stalk on which conidia are formed |
conidia | asexual reproductive structure that forms on the side or end of hyphae or conidiophore |
dematiaceous | hyphae, conidia, or spores that are brown or black |
denticle | small, hair-like projection on which a solitary conidium is formed |
dichotomous | branching of hyphae into 2 equal branches with same diameter as original hyphae |
Dimorphic | having 2 distinct forms- yeast at 37, mould at 25 |
Ectothrix | infection outside the hair shaft |
endothrix | infection with arthroconida within the hair shaft |
endospore | spore produced within the spherule of C.immitis |
exudate | droplets of liquid on the surface of a colony |
Favic chandeliers | antler like hyphae typical of Trichophyton schoeneinii |
Foot cell | hyphal cell at the conidiophore base- diagnostic of Aspergillus |
geophilic | usually recovered from soil, occasionally infects humans/animals |
glabrous | smooth, with or without aerial hyphae |
globose | round |
granular | dense conidia resembling sugar granules |
Hyaline | colorless |
hyphae | septate or aseptate filament, together compose mycelium |
intercalary | forming in the middle of a hyphae |
macroconidia | larger type of conidia, usually multi-celled |
moniliform | hyphae with swelling at regular intervals like a string of beads |
muriform | having both transverse and longitudinal septa |
nodular bodies | knot of twisted hyphae |
onychomycosis | infection of the nails |
ostiole | opening in the cell wall of fruiting body through which conidia are released |
pectinate | hyphal ends which have protuberances resembling a comb |
pedicel | short filament which attaches a conidium to the hyphae |
penicillus | brush like conidiogenous structue with 1-3 levels of branches and a terminal phialide |
perithecium | flask shaped or rounded fruiting body with opening and asci arranged at base of structure |
phialide | flask shaped conidiogenous cell which neither elongates nor enlarges |
conidiogenous | structure that produces conidia |
Pseudohyphae | chains of cells formed by budding that resemble true hyphae. differ by constrictions at septation, branches that begin with septation, and smaller terminal cells |
pyriform | pear shaped or tear-drop shaped |
racquet hyphae | hyphae with club shaped cells in which the large end of one call is attached to the smaller end of the next |
reflexive branching | branches that grow forward and backward at acute angles to the hyphae |
rhizoid | root-like branching hyphae |
rugose topography | colony in which furrows radiate out from the center |
sclerotium | hyphae closely interwoven and cemented together into a hard resistant body |
septate | having crosswalls |
spherule | large, round structure containing endospores seen in direct exam, charactoristic of C.immitis |
sporangiophore | specialized hyphal branch bearing a sporangium |
sporangiospore | asexual spore produced in sporangium |
sporangium | closed sac-like structure in which asexual spores are formed |
stolon | horizontal arial hyphae which give rise to rhizoids and sporangiophores |
teleomorph | sexual reproductive stage of fungus |
truncate | conidium with a scar flattened off at the point of attachment |
Umbonate topography | colony with centre button-shaped elevation |
uniserate | in Aspergillus, a vesicle bearing a single layer of phialides |
Verrucose topography | colony furrowed or convoluted |
verticil | group of conidiogenous cells radiating out from a single point like spokes in a wheel |
vesicle | inflated end of a conidiophore or sporangiophore |
yeast-like colony | soft, pasty, smooth colony, usually without filamentous growth |
zoophilic | found primarily in animals, occasionally infects humans |