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FM1 Test 2
Maternity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Afterbirth Pains (After Pains) | Painful uterine cramps that occur intermittently for approximately 2 or 3 days after birth. Result from uterus returning to normal invoulted condition. May be the cause of big baby, multiple fetuses or polyhydramnios. |
| Autolysis | The self destruction of excess hypertrophied tissue (additional cells laid down during pregnency). |
| Diastasis Recti Abdominis | The separation of large abdminal wall wall, can be the result of large baby or multiple fetuses |
| Involution | The return of the uterus to a nonpregnant state |
| Lochia | Vaginal discharge during the prerperium consisting of blood, tissue & mucus. There are 3 kinds |
| Name the 3 kinds of lochia | Lochia rubra, locha serosa & locha alba |
| What and when does Lochia Rubra occur? | It is bright, red, distinctly blood tinged vaginal flow that follows birth and lasts 2 to 4 days |
| What and when does Lochia Serosa occur? | It consists of old blood, serum, leukocytes and tissue debris. The duration is 22 to 27 days. This follows Lochia rubia |
| What and when does Lochia Alba occur? | Thin, yellowish to white vaginal discharge that follows lochia serous on about the tenth day after birth and may last for 10 to 14 days |
| Pelvic Relaxation | Occurs later in life as the fascial supports of the pelvic structures lengthen and weaken |
| Puerperium | Time right after the 3rd stage of labor, this lasts until invoultion of the uterus takes place lasting about 3 to 6 weeks. Also referred to as the 4th trimester of pregnancy |
| Subinvolution | Failure of the uterus to reduce to its normal size and condtion after pregnancy |
| Couplet Care | One nurse, educated in both mother & infant care, functions as the primary nurse for both. Also known as mother-baby care or single-room maternity care |
| Engorgement | Swelling of the breasts, occuring as colostrum. Occurs about 72 to 96 hours after birth |
| Fourth Stage of Labor | The first 1 or 2 hours after childbirth |
| Thrombus | Blood clot obstruction a blood vessel that remains at the place where the placenta was formed |
| Uterine Atomy | Relaxation of the uterus muscles, leads to postpartum hemorrhage |
| Warm Line | A help line for families to access after hospital discharge. Offers support of newborn care & postpartum care |
| Acquaintance | Process used by family to get to know or become familiar with the new infant. Very important step in attachment by eye contact, touching, talking & exploration |
| Attachment | Specific and effective way to tie to another person |
| Becoming a Mother | Transformation & growth of the mother identity |
| Biorhythmicity | Cyclic changes that occur with established regularity; such as sleeping & eating patterns |
| Bonding | Process by which parents, over time, form an emotional relationship with their baby |
| Claiming Process | Process by which parents identify their new baby in terms of likeness to other family members, differences & uniqueness |
| En Face | Face to face position in which the parent & infant faces are approximately 20 cm (8 inches) apart and on the same plane |
| Engrossment | A parent's absorption, preoccupation, & interest in their infant. |
| Entrainment | Infant responds to familiar sounds by moving their body in time to the rhythm to sounds, but don't respond to random. Baby gets excited to parents voice |
| Acrocyanosis | Peripheral cyanosis; blue in color of hands and feet in most infants at birth that may persist for 7 to 10 days |
| Transition Period | The unstable collective phases an infant goes thru during the first 6 to 8 hours after birth. |
| Surfactant | This protein lines the alveoli of an infants lungs and it reduces surface tension |
| Thermoregulation | The maintenance of balance between heat loss and heat production |
| Thermogenesis | Creation of production of heat in the body |
| Brown Fat | Is unique to newborns; nonshivering thermogenosis is accomplished & it increases metabolic activity in brain, heart & liver. More rich vascular & nerve supply than ordinary fat. Located: interscapula region, axillae, vertebrae, kidney & thoracis inlet |
| Cold Stress | Excessive loss of heat that results in increased resperiations & nonshivering thermogensis to maintain core body temperature. Basal metabolic rate increases. |
| Meconium | Greenish black viscous first stool formed during fetal life from the amniotic fluid and its constituents, intestinal secretions (including bilirubin) and cells (shed from the mucosa |
| Physiologic Jaundice | Yellow tinge to skin & mucous membranes in response to increased serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin; not usually apparent until after 24 hrs; also called neonatal jaundice, physiological hyperbilirubinemia |
| Hyperbilirubinema | Elevation of unconjugated serum bilirubin concentrations |
| Vernix Caseosa | Protective gray-white fatty substance of cheesy consistancy covering the fetus skin |
| Caput Succedaneum | Swelling of the tissue over the presenting part of the fetal head caused by pressure during labor |
| Cephalhematoma | Extraversion of blood from ruptures vessels between a skull & its external covering, swelling is limited by the margins of the cranial bone affected. Does not cross a cranial suture line |
| Mongolian Spots | Bluish gray or dark nonelvated pigmented areas usually found over the lower back & buttocks present at birth in some infants, primarily nonwhite; usually fade by school age |
| Nevi | Stork bites, angel kisses, usually pink and easily blanched. Usually on face or head, fade by 2nd year of life, no clinical significance |
| Erythema Toxicum | Transient rash. Lesions appear suddenly & anywhere. Thought to be an inflammatory response. AKA flea bite dermatitis. Appears within 24 to 48 hrs after birth & resolves spontaneously. Some say no known cause |
| Ortolani Maneuver | Used to check infants hips for symmetry. May find hip dislocations |
| Moro Reflex | Infants fingers fan out and form a "C" with index finger and thumb |
| Grasp | Infants fingers curl around examiners fingers & toes curl downward |
| Babinski Sign | Examiner runs finger along infants sole of foot on lateral side and across ball of feet. Infants toes hyperectend while big toe dorsiflexes |
| Habitation | Psychologic & physiologic phenomenon wherby the response to a constant or repeated stimulus is decreased |
| Sleep Wake States | Variations on the state of c nsciousness of infants. From deep sleep to extreme irritation |
| Milia | Small white sebaceous glands that appear as tiny white pinpoint papules on the forehead, nose, cheeks and chin of the neonate |
| Neonate | Period from birth thru first 28 days of life. |
| Signs of infant respiratory distress | Nose flaring, retractions, grunting & seesaw respirations |
| Normal respirations of infants | 30 to 60 - count for 1 minute as they are irregular |
| Normal heart rate for infants | 100 to 160 beats per minute; their color is pink |
| Normal BP for an infant | 60 to 80 mm HG / 40 to 50 mm Hg |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrone | Persistent tachycardia (over 160 bpm) |
| Congenital Heart Block | Persistent bradycardia (less than 120 bpm) |
| Name the 4 types of heat loss | Convection, radiation, evaporation & conduction |
| Normal platelet count ranges | 150,000 to 300,000 mm |
| Normal Leukocytes (WBC) counts | 9,000 to 30,000 mm |
| How many times will a newborn void in the 1st 24 hours | 1 time |
| How many times will the newborn void during the 2nd day | 2 times |
| Do formula fed infants void more of less than breatfed babies | void less |
| After the 4th day, all newborns void ______per 24 hrs | 6 to 8 times |
| Breast fed infants should have how many stools per 24 hrs after 3 or 4 days when the mothers milk comes in? | 3 stools per day |
| What is the bilirubin level that denote jaundice? | 5 to 7 mg/dl |
| Kernicterus | The most serius form of jaundice, bilirubin is deposited in the brain stem & basal ganglia. It can disrupt neuronal function & metabolism |
| Apgar Score | Numeric expression of the condition of a newborn obtained by rapid assessment at 1 to 5 minutes of age. |
| Circumcision | Excision of the prepuce (foreskin) of the penis, exposes the glans |
| Opthalmia Neonatorum | Infectiin in the infants eyes. usually from gonorrheal, chlamydial or orther infection contracted when the fetus passes thru the birth canal |
| Phototherapy | Use of lights to reduce serum bilirubin levels by oxidation of bilirubin into water soluble compounds that are processed in the liver and excreted in bile & urine |
| Colostrum | First fluid from the breasts, rich in antibodies & high in protein. Speeds elimination of meconium. Occurs 72 to 96 hrs after birth |
| Demand Feeding | Feeding baby by cues they exhibit indicating hunger |
| Growth Spurts | Times of increased neonatal growth. Occurs at 10 days, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months |
| Lactogensis | Beginning of milk production |
| Let Down Reflex | Release of milk in response to oxytocin |
| Mastitis | Infection in a breast, usually a milk duct |
| Plugged milk ducts | Milk ducts blocked by small curds of dried milk |
| Supply meets demand system | Physiologic basis for determining milk production the volume of milk produced equals the amount removed from the breast |
| Oxytocin (pitocin) | Strenghtens & coordinates uterine contractions |
| Reciprocity | Infant body movement or behaviors that provides the observer with clues |
| Synchrony | mutually rewarding interaction |
Created by:
CarolAnn
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