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Goljan - Cell Injury

Goljan's Cell Injury

QuestionAnswer
State the effects of administering 100% O2 in: i)Ventilation defects ii)Perfusion defect PaO2 increase in perfusion defect, but not in ventilation defect
Dx : Chocolate coloured blood with cyanosis. Skin colour does not return to normal after admin of O2. Methaemoglobinemia
State the treatment for methaemoglobinemia. 1) Methylene blue (activates metHb reductase) 2) Ascorbic acid (reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+)
State the areas in the Kidney that is most susceptible to hypoxia. 1) Straight portion of proximal tubule 2) Thick ascending limb of renal medulla
In cell injury, release of what chemical from the mitochondria activates apoptosis? Cytochrome C
In cell injury, activation of what enzyme causes increased cell and organelle membrane permeability? Phospholipase
How does drug metabolism get affected by alcohol, barbiturates, and phenytoin? They cause induction of enzymes in P-450 system --> SER hyperplasia --> increased drug metabolism
Dx : Lysosomal enzymes lack mannose 6-phosphate marker. Large inclusions in cytosol. I-Cell disease
Dx : Defect in membrane fusion of primary lysosome with phagocytic vacuoles. Increased susceptibility to infection. Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Name the marker for intermediate filament degradation. Ubiquitin
What is the difference between dystrophic calcification and metastatic calcification? Dystrophic calcification = calcification in NECROTIC tissue. (normal serum Ca and PO4) Metastatic calcification = calcification in NORMAL tissue. (increased serum Ca and/or PO4)
Microscopy : Preserved structural outline of dead cells Coagulation necrosis
What type of necrosis is seen in abscess in a bacterial infection? Liquefactive necrosis
Gross: Chalky yellow-white deposits. Enzymatic fat necrosis (acute pancreatitis)
Does the following gene promote or inhibit apoptosis? i) BAX gene ii) BCL2 gene i) BAX gene promotes apoptosis ii) BCL2 gene inhibits apoptosis
Microscopy : Nuclear pyknosis, cell detachment from neighboring cells, deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm Apoptosis
Created by: lemontea88
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