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Blood

Anatomy

TermDefinition
Hematology Study of blood and it's disorders
Plasma Liquid part (55%)- produced by liver
Leukocytes White blood cells
Thrombocytes Platelets
Erythrocytes Red blood cells
Functions of blood-transportation 1. Gases 2. Waste products 3. Nutrients
Functions of blood 1. Transportation 2. Regulation 3. Protection
Functions of blood- regulation 1. Body temp 2. pH
Functions of blood-protection 1. Against pathogens 2. Clotting
pH 7.35-7.45
Blood volume 5 liters
Hematopoiesis Blood cell formation
Red bone marrow myeloid stem cell
RBC Structure spherical, inoculated, lack of mitochondria
RBC function Carries hemoglobin molecules which transport oxygen
Tallquist test Measures level of hemoglobin in RBCs
Hematocrit % of RBC volume
RBC lifespan 120 days
Anemia RBC deficiency, hemoglobin deficiency, or both
Iron deficiency anemia low hemoglobin-low O2-fatigue
Pernicious anemia Lack of it. B12-low RBC count
Sickle-cell anemia Fatal hereditary disease caused by abnormal hemoglobin
Polycythemia vera Excessive increase in number of RBCs
Erythropoietin Rate controlled by a hormone(produced by kidneys)
White Blood Cell Structure Nuclei and large
Neutrophils Engulf bacteria and cellular debris (most)
Basophils Hypersensitivity, release histamine (least)
Eosinophils Parasitic infections, allergic response
Lymphocytes Produce antibodies, regulate the immune response
Monocytes Engulf cellular debris
Leukocytosis High WBC count
Leukopenia Low WBC count
Leukemia Large increase in WBCs
Infectious mononucleosis (mono) High numbers of large lymphocytes caused by epstein-barrvirus virus
AIDs Decreased WBCs- attacks the lymphocytes
Serum Plasma minus clotting proteins
Hemophillia Inherited x-linked
Thrombocytopenia (purpura) Low platelets, petechia (clotting episodes)
Aspirin Blocks prothrombin-thrombin
Heparin Blocks fibrinogen-fibrin
Innate (nonspecific) defense Fast
Adaptive (specific) defense Slow
First line of defense skin-mucous membranes-secretions of skin and mucous membranes
Second line of defense phagocytic cells (neutrophils and monocytes)-antimicrobial proteins-inflammatory response (basophils)
Third line of defense Lymphocytes-antibodies-macrophages
Lymphocytes Immune cells
B-cells Produce antibodies, made in bone marrow, humoral immunity
T-cells Release chemicals to kill, originate in thymus, cell-mediated immunity
Created by: KayleemWhite
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