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C.S.401 chapters 7-9

QuestionAnswer
What is used to hold data and programs when they are not being processed? Secondary Storage
What is a nonvolatile form of storage that stores data and programs when the computer is shut off? Secondary Storage
What is the most commonly used DASD? Magnetic Tape
What are the three major factors affecting Disk Access Time which is measured in milliseconds? Seek Time, Rotational Delay, and Data Transfer Rate
What is the time it takes to locate a particular track on the disk called? Seek Time
What is sometimes called "Latency" which is the time required to rotate the proper sector underneath the read/write heads? Rotational Delay
What is the time required to transmit the sensed bits as a digital signal from the read/write heads into RAM? Data Transfer Rate
CD-ROM, DVD-ROM and Flash Drives are all different forms of what? Direct Access Storage Device (DASD)
What consists of all programs including the operating system that are related to controlling the operations of the computer equipment? Systems Software
What are the three basic types of Systems Software? Operating Systems, Utilities Programs, and Language Translators
What is the most important type of Systems software? Operating Systems Software
What is the one or more programs that manage the operations of the computer equipment called? Operating System
What acts as an interface between the user, the applications program and the computer equipment? Operating System
What loads other software programs from secondary storage into RAM, executes the programs, controls the disk drives and other storage devices, controls input and output devices, and performs disk and file management and many tasks? Operating System
What term refers to loading the kernel (most essential portion of the O.S.) into RAM? Booting the System
What allows one user to run one program at a time? Single Tasking Operating Systems
What allows one or more users to run multiple programs at a time? Multitasking Operating Systems
What are used on computers with more than one CPU? Multiprocessing Operating Systems
What are privately owned systems that only run on computers produced by a single manufacturer? Proprietary Operating Systems
What runs on many different computers produced by different manufacturers? Portable Operating Systems
What is a memory management technique that involves using disk to supplement chip memory? Virtual Memory Management
What is a print management technique where reports are formatted and then written to disk to be "dumped" to the printers later when the system has time? Spooling
What is monitored through the use of log-in codes, passwords, and permission files as well as "Footprints Files"? System Security
What is the elapsed time between when a user enters a request and the system responds called? Response Time
What is it called when the CPU is spending more time doing Disk I/O (moving pages back and forth between RAM and DISK) than in a work state? Thrashing
What is the process of communicating data from one computer to another over communications channels? Data Communications
What is the minimum needed for a personal computer to communicate with another personal computer using data communications? A modem, communications software, and a phone line
What is the path that data follows as it travels from the sending computer to the receiving computer? Communications Channel
What is comprised of one or more transmission media? Commonications Channel
What is the physical medium that is used to transmit the data? Transmission media
What are the four types of transmission media? Twisted wire pairs, coaxial cable, fiber optics, and microwave
What are ordinary copper wires plastic coated color coded and twisted together to reduce interference called? Twisted Wire Pairs
What are cheap and easy to string from point to point, but are subject to interference? Twisted Wire Pairs
What is a central conducting wire surrounded by an insulating material then a woven metal(copper or aluminum) sheath to eliminate outside interference and finally an outer plastic coating? Coaxial Cable
What are the two types of coaxial cable? Base Band and Broadband
What transmits a single signal very fast up to 10 megabits per second? Base Band
What transmits mroe than one signal at a time? Broadband
What relies on the ability of optical fibers to transmit light with very high efficiency? Fiber Optics
What is not subject to electrical interference but is expensive and difficult to work with? Fiber Optics
What is a type of radio wave used for high speed transmission of voice and data? Microwave
What has a limited range of 25 to 70 miles between stations due to the fact that sending and receiving antennas must be in visual sight of each other? Microwave
What type of satellites are usually in geosynchronous orbit? Communications Satellites
What satellites receive data from an earth station using a satellite dish on an uplink and retransmit the data to another earth station on the downlink? Communications Satellites
What solves the "Line of Sight"problem with Microwave? Communications Satellites
Infared, carrier connect radio, broadcast radio and bluetooth are all types of what? Wireless methods
What is a point to pooint line that connects to devices called? Point to Point
What is a multipoint line that connects multiple devices to a single line called? Multi-point/Multi-drop
What is an ordinary dial up line that uses the phone company's switching equipment each time a connections is made? Switched Lines
What is a line in which a connection is permanently established? Dedicated Line
WHat is also called a leased line? Dedicated Line
WHat are the four types of communication lines? Point to point, multi-point/multi-drop, switched lines and dedicated lines
What can be classified according to different characteristics? Communications Channels
What transmits data using a continuous electrical wave? Analog Signals
What transmits data as a series of individual pulses of data? Digital Signals
What transmits data in one direction only? Simplex Lines
What transmits data in two directions but only one direction at a time? Half Duplex Lines
What is a full two way simultaneous transmission of data? Full Duplex Lines
What is categorized according to the type of signal,the direction of data transmission, the mode (method) of transmission, and the speed of transmission? Communications Channels
What transmits individual characters at irregular intervals (ex. as they are typed in/ uses a 10 bit byte a start bit, a parity bit, 7 data bits, and a stop bit)? Asynchronous Transmission
What is it called when large blocks of characters are transmitted at regular intervals? Synchronous Transmission
What requires special equipment at each end of the line to generate a timing signal to coordinate the transmission? Synchronous Transmission
What uses a start byte a series of bytes of data and a stop byte? Synchronous Transmission
What does BPS stand for? Bits per Second
What does the carrying capacity of the channel depend on? Bandwith (wider is better)
What is it called when computers and other devices connected together using communications devices and transmission media? Network
What are networked together in order to share resources? Computers
What are the three types of networks? LAN, MAN, and WAN
What is limited in scope, covers a small area, a single office, a building or a group of buildings? LAN - Local Area Network
What does LAN stand for? Local Area Network
What does MAN stand for? Metropolitan Area Network
What is a high speed network that connects local area networks in a city or a town? MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
What does WAN stand for? Wide Area Network
What is geographic in scope and covers a wide area such as a state, a country or the world? WAN - Wide Area Network
What is a simple inexpensive network that typically connects ten or less computers? Peer to Peer
What are one or more computers act as a server and the other computers (clients) request services from the server? Client Server Network
What refers to the layout of computers and devices in a network? Network Topologies
What converts a digital signal to an analog signal and back again? Modem - (Modulator/Demodulator)
What combines several input data streams from different devices into a single strean of data for transmission over a single line? Multiplexer (MUX)
What is an adapter card that enables a computer or device to conncet to and access a network? NIC - Network Interface Card
What does NIC stand for? Network Interface Card
What does O.S. stand for? Operating System
What is a communications device that connects multiple computers, or other routers together, and transmits data to the correct destination on a network? Router
What is on larger networks and separate computer dedicated to handling the communications requirements of the network formerly called a front end processor? Communications Server
What is a set of rules and procedures trhat allow computers to communicate? Communications Protocol
What governs the method of establishing a connection between devices, the method of transmission, method of error detection and correction? Protocol
What is the protocol used to run the Internet? TCP?IP
What does TCP/IP stand for? Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
All devices are connected to a central, or host, computer and all communicatinos is through the central computer? Star Network
If the central/host computer ("The Hub") fails, the entire network is inoperable? Star Network
Computer and devices are connected to a cable that is circular Ring Network
Data Transmission is in one direction only around the circle Ring Network
All computers and devices are connected to a single cable Bus Network
What is popular on LAN's because they are inexpensive and easy to install? Bus Network
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