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Burns
Question | Answer |
---|---|
How are burns assessed? | by the degree of the burn and the percentage of the body burned |
What is the rule of 9's? | head & neck = 9%; each upper extremity = 9%; trunk = 36%; each lower extremity = 18%; perineum (genital area) = 1%; anterior & posterior surface of each counts for half |
What is a 1st degree burn? | only the epidermis is effected; there is redness (erythema) and the burn is slightly painful; heals in 3-4 days; no scars |
What is a 2nd degree burn? | both epidermis and upper dermis are involved; there are blisters; very painful; heals in 3-4 weeks; minimal scarring |
What is a partial thickness burn? | both 1st and 2nd degree burns are partial thickness burns; the entire skin is not affected |
What is a 3rd degree burn? | involves entire skin; skin affected is leathery white; no pain (nerve endings dead); heals in 3-4 months; extensive scarring; requires grafting |
What makes a burn critical? | 2nd degree burn - 25% of more of body burned; 3rd degree burn - 10% or more of body burned; all burns involving face, hands, feet or genitalia |