Study of how various drug forms influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities

Study of what the body does to a drug. Determines onset, duration, and intensity of a drug's effect.

the breakdown of a tablet into smaller particles

the dissolving of the smaller particles in the GI fluid before absorption

the time it takes the drug to disintegrate and dissolve to become available for the body to absorb it

Movement of the drug from the site of administration to the blood circulation

Movement of the drug through the bloodstream into extravascular space (body tissues), eventually into cells.

Chemical conversion or transformation of drugs into compounds which are easier to eliminate

Elimination of unchanged drug or metabolite from the body via renal, biliary, or pulmonary processes.

The reaction products that are produced when drugs are acted on by microsomal enzymes.

the amount o the drug that reaches the systemic circulation

A drug absorbed from the intestine must first pass through the liver to be metabolized before it reaches the systemic circulation.

protein-binding effect

Some drugs leave the bloodstream slowly, because they bind tightly to proteins. Others quickly leave the bloodstream and enter other tissues.As drugs are distributed in the plasma, many are bound to varying degrees with protein (primarily albumin)

promotes excretion of weak base drugs (i.e., valium, morphine, atropine). Example: Give ammonium chloride (acidic) for a patient with valium overdose.

promotes excretion of weak acid drugs (i.e., aspirin, barbiturates, penicillins). Example: Give sodium bicarbonate (alkaline) for a patient with aspirin overdose.

the time it takes for half the original amount of a drug in the body to be removed

minimum effective concentration (MEC)

the minimal blood level at which a systemic drug exerts the desired effect

minimum toxic concentration (MTC)

the plasma concentration above which toxic effects are seen

the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response

the time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response in the body

the length of time that a drug concentration in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response

The study of what the drug does to the body - biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action

the study of natural drug sources (plants, animals, minerals, and laboratory synthesis)

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Pharmacology Unit I

UABSON Pharmacology Unit One Terms

Question	Answer
pharmaceutics	Study of how various drug forms influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities
pharmacokinetics	Study of what the body does to a drug. Determines onset, duration, and intensity of a drug's effect.
pharmacodynamics
disintegration	the breakdown of a tablet into smaller particles
dissolution	the dissolving of the smaller particles in the GI fluid before absorption
rate limiting	the time it takes the drug to disintegrate and dissolve to become available for the body to absorb it
absorption	Movement of the drug from the site of administration to the blood circulation
distribution	Movement of the drug through the bloodstream into extravascular space (body tissues), eventually into cells.
metabolism	Chemical conversion or transformation of drugs into compounds which are easier to eliminate
excretion	Elimination of unchanged drug or metabolite from the body via renal, biliary, or pulmonary processes.
metabolites	The reaction products that are produced when drugs are acted on by microsomal enzymes.
bioavailability	the amount o the drug that reaches the systemic circulation
first-pass effect	A drug absorbed from the intestine must first pass through the liver to be metabolized before it reaches the systemic circulation.
protein-binding effect	Some drugs leave the bloodstream slowly, because they bind tightly to proteins. Others quickly leave the bloodstream and enter other tissues.As drugs are distributed in the plasma, many are bound to varying degrees with protein (primarily albumin)
acidic urine	promotes excretion of weak base drugs (i.e., valium, morphine, atropine). Example: Give ammonium chloride (acidic) for a patient with valium overdose.
alkaline urine	promotes excretion of weak acid drugs (i.e., aspirin, barbiturates, penicillins). Example: Give sodium bicarbonate (alkaline) for a patient with aspirin overdose.
half-life (t1/2)	the time it takes for half the original amount of a drug in the body to be removed
minimum effective concentration (MEC)	the minimal blood level at which a systemic drug exerts the desired effect
minimum toxic concentration (MTC)	the plasma concentration above which toxic effects are seen
therapeutic range
onset of action	the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
peak action	the time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response in the body
duration of action	the length of time that a drug concentration in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response
pharmacodynamics	The study of what the drug does to the body - biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action
pharmacognosy	the study of natural drug sources (plants, animals, minerals, and laboratory synthesis)

Created by: 1075494057

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