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NECC-Clinical Labs
Clinical lab data
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an abnormally elevated white blood cell (WBC) count called? | Leukocytosis (Egan's, Pg 344, P2) |
| What is an abnormally elevated red blood cell (RBC) count called? | Polycythemia (Egan's, Pg 345, P6) |
| What type of pneumonia is present with WBC increase of 15,000/mm3, with 75% neutrophils, but only 10% lymphocytes? N lymphocyte differential is 20-45%. | Bacterial pneumonia due to the number of elevated neutrophils. (Egan's, Pg 345, Mini Clini) |
| What is the name for the detailed description of the number of circulating WBC, RBC, and platelets? | Complete Blood Count (CBC) (Egan's, Pg 344, P1) |
| Name of immature neutrophils. | Bands (Because their nucleus has a "band like" shape.) (Egan's, Pg 345, P2) |
| Significant reduction in platelet count is called what? | Thrombocytopenia (Egan's, Pg 346, P2) |
| What is hyponatremia? | Low Na+ (sodium) level. (Egan's, Pg 346, P5) |
| What is the number for elevated sweat chloride levels, shown on lab work, that will help with diagnosing cystic fibrosis. | If sweat chloride level is more than 60-80 mEq/L. (Egan's, Pg 347, P2) |
| What is the normal anion gap? | 8-16 mEq/L (Egan's, Pg 347, P3) |
| How do you calculate the anion gap? | Add the HCO3- and Cl- together and then subtract this total from the serum Na+. (Egan's, Pg 347, P3) |
| What blood glucose level indicates the presence of diabetes? | Blood glucose level above 140mg/dl on TWO occassions indicates diabetes in most cases (after night of fasting). (Egan's, Pg 348, P4) |
| What type of white blood cell (WBC) will be increased with the invasion of foreign material? | Monocytes (Egan's, Pg 344, Table 16-2) |
| Patiens who have existing chronic lung disease, and live in areas of high altitude, will most certainly experience chronic hypoxia. What will they also most likely develop in conjunction? | Secondary polycytemia. (Egan's, Pg 345, P5) |
| What does an anion gap of greater than 16 signify? | Metabolic acidosis. (Egan's, Pg 347, Rule of thumb notation.) |
| What is a normal blood glucose level? | 70-110mg/dl (Egan's, Pg 348, P3) |
| True or false? A legitimate sputum sample has many leukocytes (pus cells) and few epithelial cells? | True (Egan's, Pg 348, Rule of thumb) |
| Common test to determine kidney function. | Blood urea nitrogen (or BUN) (Egan's, Pg 347, P4) |
| If kidney disease caused many of the renal nephrons to become dysfunctional, what blood waste product would increase? | Creatinine (Egan's, Pg 347, P5) |
| What test is performed to determine a "specific" microorganism causing the infection? | Sputum Gram Stain (Egan's, Pg 348, P3) |
| What does anemia do to the body? | It reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and increases the chance of tissue hypoxia. (Egan's, Pg 349, Key Points) |
| What are platelets called? | Thrombocytes (Egan's, Pg 344, P1) |
| What is normally/approximately the ratio of hematocrit to hemoglobin? | 3:1 (Egan's, Pg 346, Rule of Thumb) |
| What is the name of the disorder when there is an abnormal elevation of glood glucose? | Hyperglycemia (Egan's, Pg 348, P3) |
| What are the "classic three" symptoms for hyperglycemia? | Excessive thirst, excessive need to urinate, and increased appetite. (Egan's, P348, P7) |
| What common strain of bacterial pneumonia stains as "encapsulated, lancet-shaped, gram-positive diplococci. | Streptococcus pneumoniae (Egan's, Pg 348, P12) |
Created by:
lgrieco
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