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Counseling Test 2
Chapter 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Empowerment | Process of helping the client discover personal strengths and capacities to take control of their lives. Identify barriers and remove the gaps |
| Five empowering activities | 1. motivating 2. Confronting 3. Helping clients think differently 4. goal setting 5. action planning |
| Variables in unsuccessful counseling | Motivation, capacity, opportunity |
| Motivation | Push of discomfort, pulll of hope, internal pressures that drive you |
| Push of Discomfort | - hate it in the time, with perspective and reflection it wasn't as bad/ even good - at the moment at its worse, your done -what level do you get to to have that motivation to do/ not do something |
| Pull of hope | what someone or something uses to change |
| Internal Pressures that drive you | want to change cause you don’t like how it makes you feel, or how the event played out |
| Motivational problems | Burnout, Client in denial, involuntary client, Learned helplessness, Ambivalent, Energized but fragile |
| Burn out | "I'm tired, I don't know if I can do this again" Investigate reason for previous failure |
| Client in denial | "I don't have a problem" educational info needed |
| Involuntary client | "I'm here for another reason". use empathy |
| Learned helplessness | "I can't, nothing will help" increase locus of control |
| Ambivalent | "I have mixed feelings" Explorer mixed feelings |
| Energized but fragile | "I really want to change, but crumble easily" use positive reinforcement and plan for obstacles |
| Motivational interviewing | 1. use of empathy 2. Develop discrepancy 3. Roll with resistance 4. Support self efficacy |
| Develop discrepancy | The method is to initiate "change talk". Strategies include: using scaling questions, using elaboration skills, looking back and forward with the client, exploring goals and values vs. current behavior, positives/ negatives of status quo |
| Rolling with resistance | Power struggles can occur when counselors confront clients with arguments for change. Power struggles will occur when: offer unsolicited advice, tell clients how they should feel, ask excessive questions, orde, preach, argue for change, blame/ criticize |
| Radical acceptance | A strategy that involves encouraging expression of statements that you tend to disagree with or philosophically oppose |
| Amplified reflection | A technique that exaggerates what a client has with the hope that the client Will present the other side of ambivalence |
| Self efficacy | Promoting client confidence, identify past success, reviews drinks and resources, work on small and achievable goals, a firm the client effort and successes |
| Stages of change/ Trans theoretical model of change | Pre-contemplative, contemplative, preparation, action, maintenance |
| Pre-contemplative stage | Client at this stage have no intention of changing. These clients do not perceive themselves as having a problem. "I don't have a problem" |
| Contemplative stage | Clients no they have a problem and are thinking about change but have not developed a plan or made a commitment to take action "maybe I should do something about it" |
| Preparation stage | Clients have made a decision to change and motivating them is no longer the principal task "I'm going to do it next week" |
| Action stage | Clients are actively involved in the chain process "I'm changing" |
| Maintenance stage | Clients are faced with challenges to maintain the changes that has been made and to deal with relapses. "I've done it. I need to keep doing it" |
| Cognitive behavioral counseling | A counseling approach that assess clients to identify and modify unhelpful thinking and problematic behavior |
| CBT ABC model | 1. Activating event 2. Beliefs 3. consequence behavior or emotion |
| Automatic thoughts | Thoughts that occur spontaneously and are often outside of one's awareness |
| Thinking patterns | Fold the reasoning caused by distortion, incomplete analysis, egocentricity, rigidity, and self-defeating thoughts |
| Unhelpful thinking patterns include | Emotional decision-making, distortion, selective attention, worry or rumination, magnification and minimization, Mind reading, perfectionism, self-defeating thoughts |
| Emotional decision-making | Making decisions while emotional. Emotions can and often should play a part in most decisions. Is problematic when it results in negative outcomes |
| Distortion | Results from misinterpretations, faulty assumptions, or cultural biases, and can include delusional thinking |
| Selective attention | Errors arise from a failure to look at all aspects of a problem or situation |
| Worry or rumination | Excessive amounts of this interferes with problem-solving and it may lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, Helplessness and pessimism |
| Magnification and minimization | These types of thinking patterns distort fax by extreme and exaggerated thinking |
| Perfectionism | These individuals are under constant stress caused by the anxiety to perform, or the realization that they have failed to reach or sustain their unrealistic expectations of self |
| Self-defeating thought | Inner dialogue of critical messages |
| Thought stopping/ diversion | A technique for breaking the pattern of repetitive self-defeating thought patterns |
| Mindfulness | Focusing on a moment to moment experiences without judgment |
| Reframing | A technique for helping clients look at things differently I suggesting alternative interpretations, Perspectives, or new meanings |
| Goal setting | A counseling process that helps clients define in precise, measurable terms what they hope to achieve from the work of counseling |
| Outcome goal | A goal related too what the client hopes To achieve from counseling |
| Process goal | The methods and procedures that will be used in counseling to assist clients in reaching their goals |
| Effective goals are | Concrete, specific, measurable, challenging but realistic, timely owned by client and under their control |
| Purpose of goal setting | Gives direction, find goals, motivates clients, provide a benchmark of progress |
| Steps for action planning/ problem solving process | 1. identify alternatives 2. choose an action strategy 3. develop and implement plans 4. evaluate outcomes |
| Contingency plan | A preventive plan that anticipates possible barriers that clients might encounter as they carry out action plans |
| HALT | An acronym for hungry, angry, lonely, and tired. Halt is a quick way to help clients assess triggers and plan alternative responses |
| Brief counseling | An approach to counseling characterized by a focus on resources And solutions rather than problems |
| Miracle question | Use in brief or single session counseling as a way to help clients who have difficulty coming up with defined goals. It challenges clients to imagine how their lives would be different is a miracle solve their problem |
| Anti-oppressive practice | When counselors work for structural changes in organizations, policy, and in promoting equity in the distribution of resources, opportunities, And power |
| Learned helplessness | The state of mind that occurs when individuals have learned through failure that their efforts will not result in change |
| Motivational interviewing | A nonconfrontational counseling approach that promotes behavioral change by assisting clients to recognize and resolve ambivalence |
| Change talk | Client statements favoring change |
| Sustain talk | Client statements favoring the status quo |
Created by:
Lysa545
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