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Energy and Motion
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Reference point | A place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion |
Motion | The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing |
Distance | the length of a path between two points |
Displacement | The length and direction of a straight line between starting and ending points |
Vector | A measurable quantity that consists of both a magnitude and a direction |
Scalar | having only magnitude, not direction |
Speed | the distance an object travels per unit of time |
Velocity | speed in a given direction |
Acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes |
Work | A word that describes what is done on an object when force is exerted on an object that causes it to move |
Energy | The ability to do work or cause change |
Kinetic energy | energy that an object has due to its motion |
Potential energy | stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object |
Gravitational potential energy | potential energy related to an object’s height |
Elastic potential energy | the energy of streached or compressed objects |
Mechanical energy | an object’s combined kinetic energy and potential energy |
Law of Conservation of Energy | the rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed |