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Ionic Bonding

Ormerod Chemistry GCSE Ionic Bonding Revision

QuestionAnswer
How can you find out how many electrons an atom has? The bottom number is the proton number - all atoms have the same number of protons and electrons.
How many electrons can fit into each shell? 2.8.8
What is a compound? A compound is more than one type of atom chemically bonded together e.g. sodium chloride
How many electrons do atoms want in their outer shell when they react? 8
Why are the atoms in group 8 unreactive? Group 8 atoms are not reactive because they already have a full outer shell of electrons.
Which two types of atoms does ionic bonding happen between? Metal and non-metal.
What do metals need to do when they react? Metals (groups 1 & 2) need to lose electrons.
If an atom loses electrons what is its charge? Positive.
If an atom gains electrons what is its charge? Negative.
What is an ion? An atom with a charge (i.e. has either gained or lost electrons).
How does the charge of an ion relate to the position in the periodic table? All atoms in the same group have the same charge e.g. all group 1 atoms are+1 and all group 7 atoms are -1. This is because they all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
What is an ionic bond? An ionic bond is when ions with opposite charges (+ and - ) are attracted to each other.
Describe the structure of sodium chloride. A giant ionic lattice.
Why does sodium chloride have a high melting and boiling point? The ionic bonds in sodium chloride are very strong. This means that lots of energy is needed to break them.
Why does solid sodium chloride not conduct electricity? Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity because the ions do not flow freely (they are bonded together and cannot move). Sodium chloride dissolved in water can conduct electricity because the ions can move freely.
What do non-metals need to do when they react? Non-metals (groups 6 & 7) need to gain electrons.
Created by: lesleycollins
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