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AP english termss
stupid words for a stupid quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art |
| antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun |
| antithesis | the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite |
| aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) An aphorism can be a memorable summation of the author’s point. |
| apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity. |
| clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. An independent, or main, clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent, or subordinate clause, cannot stand alone as a sentence and must be accompanied. |
| colloquial/colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. |
| conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. A conceit displays intellectual cleverness as a result of the unusual comparison being made. |
| didactic | From the Greek, didactic literally means “teaching.” Didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. |
| euphemism | From the Greek for “good speech,” euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. The euphemism may be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness |
| generic conventions | This term describes traditions for each genre. These conventions help to define each genre; for example, they differentiate an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing |
| homily | This term literally means “sermon,” but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. |
| hyperbole | overstatement, exaggeration |
| invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. |
| litotes | a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite. Litote is the opposite of hyperbole. Examples: “Not a bad idea,” “Not many,” “It isn’t very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain” |
| loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. |
| metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. For example, a news release that claims “the White House declared” rather than “the President declared” is using metonymy |
| anaphora | when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences |
| pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish |
| periodic sentence | The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. This independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone |
| semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. |
| subject complement | renames (predicate NOMINATIVE) or describes (predicate ADJECTIVE) the subject |
| syllogism | a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called “major” and the second called “minor”) that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. |
| synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part. Examples: To refer to a boat as a “sail”; to refer to a car as “wheels”; |
| synesthesia | when one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another. Ex: The sight of red ants makes you itchy. |
| telegraphic sentence | shorter than 5 words in length |
| medium length sentence | 18 words in length |
| long and involved sentence | 30 or more words in length |
| natural order of a sentence | subject comes before predicate |
| inverted order of a sentence | predicate comes before noun |
| split order | subject in the middle |
| Phrases | groups of related words w/o subject, predicate, or both |
| Staccato sentence | 1-2 words |
| Short sentence | 5-10 words |
Created by:
karamc1192
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