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PCOM #16
PCOM Herbs 4 - Midterm
| PIN YIN | ENGLISH | CATEGORY | SOURCE | INGREDIENTS | ACTIONS | DIAGNOSIS | PRESENTATION | TONGUE/PULSE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gui Zhi Jia Ge Gen Tang | Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Kudzu | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: gui zhi (6g), D: bai shao (6g), ge gen (12g), E: zhi gan cao (6g), A: sheng jiang (9g), A: da zao (3pc) | Releases the muscle layer, relaxes and moistens the sinews. | Tai Yang patterns w sweating, stiff neck and upperback | sensitive to wind, sweating, stiff neck, stiff upper back | thin white moist coat, floating moderate or frail pulse |
| Gui Zhi Jia Hou Po Xing Zi Tang | Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Magnolia Bark & Apricot Kernel | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: gui zhi (9g), D: bai shao (9g), A: sheng jiang (9g), A: da zao (12pc/4pc), zhi gan cao (6g), xing ren, hou po | Treats exterior-deficiency w-c syndrome; directs LU qi down and relieves wheezing | W-C invasion in persons w preexisting asthma; dyspnea (reversed flow of LU qi) due to inappro-priate use of down-drain herbs to treat ext w-c. | chills, aversion to wind, slight fever, sweating, headache, stiff neck, nasal congestion, wheezing, no particular thirst, dry heaves, | thin white moist coat, floating moderate or frail pulse |
| Xiao Qing Long Tang * | Minor Bluegreen Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: ma huang (9g), C: gui zhi (9g), D: gan jiang (9g), D: xi xin (9g/3g), A: wu wei zi (9g), A: bai shao (9g), A: ban xia (9g), E: zhi gan cao (9g) | Releases the exterior, transforms congested fluids, warms the LU, and directs rebellious qi down. | Exterior wind-cold with congested fluids; in serious cases there may be floating edema, or orthopnea | chills predominate, fever, no sweating, general bodyaches, wheezing, orthopnea, coughing, copious white stringy sputum, hard to expectorate, stifling sensation in chest, no particular thirst | moist coat, floating tight pulse |
| Jui Wei Qiang Huo Tang | Nine-Herb Decoction with Notopterygium | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Wang Hao-Gu (1308): Ci Shi Nan Zhi - Hard-Won Knowledge | C: qiang huo (4.5g), D: fang feng (4.5g), D: cang zhu (4.5g), A: xi xin (1.5g), A: chuan xiong (3g), A: bai zhi (3g), A: huang qin (3g), A: sheng di (3g), E: gan cao (3g) | Releases exterior dampness and clears interior heat. | Exterior wind-cold-dampness with concurrent internal accumulation of heat; also for toothache with exterior symptoms | predominant chill, fever, no sweating, headache, stiff neck, general bodyaches, bitter taste in mouth, slight thirst | white coat, floating pulse |
| Xiang Su San | Cyperus & Perilla Leaf Powder | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Government Pharmacopia (1078-85): Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang - Imperial Grace Formulary | C: zi su ye (6-9g), D: xiang fu (6-9g), A: chen pi (3-6g), E: zhi gan cao (3-6g) | Regulates the qi and releases the exterior. | Exterior wind-cold with interior qi constraint; also for wind-cold disorders during pregnancy | chills, fever, no sweating, headache, stifling sensation in the chest & epigastrium, focal distention, poor appetite, belching | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Jia Wei Xiang Su San | Augmented Cyperus & Perilla Leaf Powder | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Cheng Guo-Peng (1732): Yi Xue Xin Wu - Medical Insights | zi su ye (4.5g), xiang fu (3.6g), chen pi (3.6g), zhi gan cao (2.1g), jing jie (3g), fang feng (3g), qin jiao (3g), man jing zi (3g), chuan xiong (1.5g), sheng jiang (3 slices) | Induces sweat, releases the exterior. | Externally-contracted disorders; substitutes Ma Huang Tang in patients w relatively mild exterior wind-cold. The focus is on releasing the exterior | chills, sensitivity to wind, fever, no sweating, headache, stiff neck, bodyaches, stuffy, runny nose | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Sang Ju Yin * | Mulberry Leaf & Chrysanthemum Decoction | Formulas the Release Exterior Wind-Heat | Wu Ju Tong (1798): Wen Bing Tiao Bian - Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases | C: sang ye (7.5g), C: ju hua (3g), D: bo he (2.4g), D: lian qiao (4.5g), D: jie geng (6g), D: xing ren (6g), A: lu gen (6g), E: gan cao (2.4g) | Releases exterior wind-heat and stops coughing. | Early, superficial stage warm-febrile disease; focuses on LU & eye disorders due to w-h | slight fever, dry eyes, dry nose, not necessarily sore, cough, slight thirst | thin white coat, floating rapid pulse |
| Yin Qiao San * | Honeysuckle & Forsythia Decoction | Formulas the Release Exterior Wind-Heat | Wu Ju Tong (1798): Wen Bing Tiao Bian - Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases | C: jin yin hua (30g/9-15g), C: lian qiao (30g/9-15g), D: jie geng (18g/3-6g), D: niu bang zi (18g/9-12g), D: bo he (18g/3-6g), D: dan dou chi (15g/3-6g), A: jing jie (12g/6-9g), A: dan zhu ye (12g/3-6g), A: xian lu gen (15-30g), E: gan cao (15g/3-6g) | Disperses wind-heat, clears heat and relieves toxicity. | Protective level warm-febrile disease; relatively strong for releasing the ext, clearing heat | slight or no chills, fever, headache, sore throat, cough, thirst, red-tipped tongue | thin white or yellow coat, floating, rapid pulse |
| Chai Ge Ji Jie Tang * | Bupleurum & Kudzu Decoction to Release the Muscle Layer | Formulas the Release Exterior Wind-Heat | Tao Hua (1445): Shang Han Liu Shu - Six Texts on Cold-Induced Disorders | C: chai hu (3-9g), C: ge gen (6-12g), D: qiang huo (3-6g), D: bai zhi (3-6g), D: huang qin (6-9g), D: shi gao (4.5-15g), A: jie geng (3-6g), A: bai shao (6-9g), E: sheng jiang (3-6g), E: gan cao (3-6), E: da zao (2-3pc) | Releases pathogenic influences in the muscle layer, clears int. heat. | Exterior wind-cold (Tai Yang) that is transforming into int heat (Yang Ming); also toothache due to w-h | decreasing chills, increasing fever, headache, stiffness of extremities, orbital eye pain, dry nasal passages, irritability, insomnia | thin yellow coat, floating slightly flooding pulse |
| Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang * | Cimicifuga & Kudzu Decoction | Formulas the Release Exterior Wind-Heat | Qian Yi (1119): Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue - Craft of Medicinal Treatment for Childhood Diseases | C: sheng ma (3-6g), D: ge gen (3-6g), A: zhi gan cao (3g), E: chi shao (6-9g) | Releases the muscle layer and vents rashes. | Externally-contracted heat collecting in the LU & ST; also for early stage warm-febrile diseases | chills, fever, headache, general body aches, red, tearing eyes, sneezing, coughing, thirst, early-stage unexpressed rash | red dry tongue, floating rapid pulse |
| Qiang Lan Tang | Notopterygium & Isatis Root Decoction | Formulas the Release Exterior Wind-Heat | Shanghai College of TCM (1975): Fang Ji Xue - Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas | qiang huo (9-12g), ban lan gen (15-30g) | Releases the exterior, clears heat, and relieves toxicity | Externally-contracted heat affecting the head and neck | chills, fever, headache, general soreness, sore swollen throat & glands | URT infection, influenza, acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis, and epidemic parotitis |
| Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao San * | Ligusticum Powder to be taken with Green Tea | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Head and Neck Symptoms | Government Pharmacopia (1078-85): Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang - Imperial Grace Formulary | C: bo he (240g), D: chuan xiong (120g), D: bai zhi (60g), D: qiang huo (60g), D: xi xin (30g), A: jing jie (120g), A: fang feng (45g), E: gan cao (60g), lu cha | Disperses wind and alleviates pain. | Headache from externally-contracted wind-cold or wind-heat; also for wind in the head | chills, fever, headache in any area of head, nasal congestion, dizziness | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Ju Hua Cha Tiao San | Chrysanthemum Powder to be taken with Green Tea | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Head and Neck Symptoms | Wang Ang (1682): Yi Fang Ji Jie - Analytic Collection of Medical Formulas | C: bo he (240g), D: chuan xiong (120g), D: bai zhi (60g), D: qiang huo (60g), D: xi xin (30g), A: jing jie (120g), A: fang feng (45g), E: gan cao (60g), lu cha, ju hua (120g), bai jiang can (45g) | Dispels wind, relieves pain, and clears the eyes and head. | For headache and dizziness primarily due to wind-heat | chills, fever, headache, nasal congestion, pronounced dizziness | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Cang Er Zi San | Xanthium Powder | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Head and Neck Symptoms | Yan Yong-He (1253): Ji Sheng Fang - Formulas to Aid the Living | C: cang er zi (7.5g/6-9g), C: xin yi hua (15g/3-6g), D: bai zhi (30g/6-9g), D: bo he (1.5g/3-6g) | Disperses wind, alleviates pain and unblocks the nose. | Wind-heat attacking the head; this is known as profuse nasal discharge (bi yuan) | frontal headache, copious nasal discharge, obstruction, foul-smelling, purulent phlegm, dizziness | normal or yellow coat, floating rapid pulse |
| Ge Gen Tang * | Kudzu Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Head and Neck Symptoms | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: ge gen (12g), D: ma huang (9g), D: gui zhi (6g), A: bai shao (6g), A: sheng jiang (9g), D/A: da zao (12pc/4pc), E: gan cao (6g) | Releases the exterior and muscle layer, and generates flesh. | Externally-contracted wind-cold at the Tai Yang stage; also for same pattern w diarrhea or scant urine | chills, fever, no sweating, stiff neck and upper back | thin white coat, floating tight pulse |
| Ren Shen Bai Du San * | Ginseng Powder to Overcome Pathogenic Influences | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Interior Deficiency | Qian Yi (1119): Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue - Craft of Medicinal Treatment for Childhood Diseases | C: qiang-huo (30g), C: du huo (30g), D: chuan xiong (30g), D: bo he (add separately), D: chai hu (30g), A: jie geng (30g), A: zhi ke (30g), A: qian hu (30g), A: ren shen (30g), A: fu ling (30g), A: sheng jiang (add separately), E: gan cao (15g) | Releases the exterior, dispels wind and dampness, and augments the qi. | Exterior wind-cold dampness with pre-existing qi deficiency; also for early-stage dysenteric disorders from w-c-d, and for measles | severe chills with shivering, high fever, no sweating, headache, pain & stiffness of the neck, nasal congestion, sonorous breathing, productive cough, focal distention & fullness of chest, soreness & pain in the extremities | white greasy coat, floating soggy pulse |
| Jing Fang Bai Du San * | Schizonepeta & Ledebouriella Powder to Overcome Pathogenic Influences | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Interior Deficiency | Zhang Shi-Che (1550): She Sheng Zhong Miao Feng - Marvelous Formulas for the Health of the Multitudes | jing jie (4.5g), fang feng (4.5g), D: chai hu (4.5g), A: qian hu (4.5g), D: chuan xiong (4.5g), C: qiang-huo (4.5g), C: du huo (4.5g), A: fu ling (4.5g), A: jie geng (4.5g), A: zhi ke (4.5g), E: gan cao (1.5g), A: sheng jiang (3pc), bo he | Induces sweating, releases the exterior, dispels wind, and alleviates pain. | A more severe presentation, with no underlying qi xu; also early-stage skin and external diseases | chills, fever, no sweating, no thirst, headache, pain & stiffness of the neck, generalized body aches and pain | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Shen Su Yin | Ginseng & Perilla Leaf Decotion | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Interior Deficiency | Government Pharmacopia (1078-85): Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang - Imperial Grace Formulary | ren shen (22.5g), zi su ye (22.5g), chen pi (15g), gan cao (15g), ge gen (22.5g), qian hu (22.5g), jiang ban xia (22.5g), fu ling (22.5g), jie geng (15g), mu xiang (15g), da zao (1pc/3pc), sheng jiang (7pc/3pc) | Augments the qi, releases the exterior, harmonizes the ST, and transforms phlegm. | Exterior wind-cold syndrome with interior tan yin (phlegm retention) | chills, fever, headache, nasal congestion, productive cough, stifling sensation in the chest | white coat, frail pulse |
| Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang | Ephedra, Asarum and Prepared Aconite Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Interior Deficiency | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: ma huang (6g), D: fu zi (9g), A: xi xin (6g) | Assists the yang, releases the exterior. | Exterior excess cold with pre-existing yang deficiency; also for KD coughing and HA due to deficiency cold | sense of extreme cold, severe chills (relieved by covering up), slight fever, no sweating, exhaustion, white,, slippery coat, submerged,, faint pulse | headache due to deficiency cold with sore throat & raspy voice, laryngitis, chronic coughing and wheezing |
| Jia Jian Wei Rui Tang | Modified Polygonatum Odorata Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Disorders with Interior Deficiency | Yu Gen-Chu (1644-1912?): Chong Ding Tong Su Shang Han Lun - Revised Popular Guide to Discussions On Cold Damage | C: yu zhu (6-9g), D: cong bai (6g), A: jie geng (3-4.5g), D: dan dou chi (9-12g), D: bo he (3-4.5g), A: bai wei (1.5-3g), E: zhi gan cao (1.5g), E: da zao (2pc) | Nourishes the yin, clears heat, induces sweating, and releases the exterior. | Exterior wind-heat with pre-existing blood and yin deficiency; usually follows long-term illness or significant blood loss | slight chills, fever, little-to-no sweating, headache, dry throat, cough, sputum, difficult to expectorate, thirst, irritability | dark red tongue, rapid pulse |
| Fang Feng Tong Sheng Tang * | Ledebouriella Powder that Sagely Unblocks | Formulas that Release Exterior-Interior Excess | Liu Yuan-Su (1172 CE): Huang Di Su Wen Xuan Ming Lun Fang - Formulas from the Discussion Illuminating the Yellow Emperor's Basic Questions | C:fang feng, ma huang, jiu da huang, mang xiao (all 15g), D:jing jie, bo he, zhi zi (all 15g), D:hua shi (90g), D:shi gao, huang qin, jie geng (all 30g), D:lian qiao (15g), A:chuan xiong, dang gui, bai shao, bai zhu (all 15g), E:gan cao, sheng jiang | Disperses wind, releases the exterior, drains heat, and unblocks the bowels. | For heat excess in both the exterior & interior; this is simultaneous tai-yang (exterior), yang-ming (interior) and shao yin (chest distention) stages. Also for carbuncles, intestinal wind-heat, heat rashes, and obesity. | strong chills & fever, red sore eyes, nasal congestion w thick discharge, bitter taste, dry mouth, sticky saliva, difficulty in swallowing, focal distention, stifling sensation in chest & diaphragm, constipation, dark rough urine, light-headed, dizziness | yellow greasy coat, flooding or wiry slippery rapid pulse |
| Ge Gen Huang Lian Huang Qin Tang * | Kudzu, Coptis & Scutellaria Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior-Interior Excess | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: ge gen (15-24g), A: huang qin (9g), D: huang lian (6g), E: zhi gan cao (6g) | Releases the exterior and clears interior heat. | Incompletely resolved exterior with heat excess in the interior; focuses on the interior aspect of the disorder | fever, sweating, possible wheezing, sense of heat/irritability in the chest and epigastrium, thirst, burning, foul-smelling dysenteric diarrhea | red tongue, yellow coat, rapid pulse |
| Shi Gao Tang | Gypsum Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior-Interior Excess | Wang Tao (752 CE): Wai Tai Bi Yao - Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library | C: shi gao (6g), D: ma huang (9g), D: dan dou chi (9g), D/A: huang lian (6g), D/A: huang qin (6g), D/A: huang bai (6g), D/A: zhi zi (6-9g) | Clears heat, relieves toxicity, and releases the exterior. | Exterior cold excess with interior blazing heat; may also have coughing of blood, skin blotches or nosebleeds | strong chills, strong fever, no sweating, headache, red face and eyes, dry nasal passages, nosebleeds, possible coughing blood, thirst, general heaviness, tightness, blotches, irritability, insomnia (leading to delerium) | slippery or flooding rapid pulse |
| Bai Hu Tang * | White Tiger Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: shi gao (30g), D: zhi mu (9g), A/E: geng mi (9-15g), A/E: zhi gan cao (3g) | Clears qi-level heat, drains ST fire, generates fluids, and alleviates thirst. | Blazing heat in the yang ming channel (6 stages) or in the qi level (4 levels); also for HA, toothache, bleeding bums or nose from same etiology | aversion to heat, high fever, profuse sweating, (headache), red face, (toothache, bleeding gums & mouth), severe thirst, irritability | flooding forceful slippery rapid pulse |
| Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang * | White Tiger plus Ginseng Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: shi gao (30g), D: zhi mu (9g), A/E: geng mi (9-15g), A/E: zhi gan cao (3g), ren shen | Clears qi-level heat, tonifies qi and generates body fluids | Yang Ming syndrome or excess heat in the yang ming qi (energy) level with qi and body fluid deficiencies | fever, profuse sweating, thirst, generalized weakness | large forceless pulse |
| Bai Hu Jia Cang Zhu Tang | White Tiger plus Atractylodes Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhu Gong (1108): Lei Zhong Huo Ren Shu - Book to Safeguard Life Arranged According to Pattern | C: shi gao (30g), D: zhi mu (9g), A/E: geng mi (9-15g), A/E: zhi gan cao (3g), cang zhu | Clears qi-level heat, drains ST fire, generates fluids, alleviates thirst, addresses dampness. | Damp-warm-febrile disease (yang ming channel syndrome with dampness) or damp bi which has transformed into heat | fever, profuse sweating, epigastric distention, heaviness, joint pain, cold feet | red greasy tongue |
| Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang | Lophatherium and Gypsum Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: dan zhu ye (9-15g), C: shi gao (30g), D: ren shen (6g), D: mai men dong (9-18g), A: ban xia (9g), E: zhi gan cao (3-6g), E: geng mi (12-15g) | Clears heat, generates fluids, augments the qi, and harmonizes the ST. | Qi-level heat lingering in the LU & ST showing signs of damage to qi and yin; also for summerheat with similar presentation | lingering fever, parched mouth, lips, parched throat, choking cough, stifling sensation in chest, thirst, vomiting, irritability | red tongue, little coat, deficient rapid pulse |
| Zhi Zi Dou Chi Tang * | Gardenia and Prepared Soybean Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | zhi zi (9g), dan dou chi (9g) | Clears heat and alleviates restlessness and irritability. | Qi-level heat lingering in the superficial aspects of the Yang Ming stage; this is also a form of heat from constraint | fever, stifling sensation in chest, soft epigastrium, irritability, insomnia with tossing & turning | slightly yellow coat, possibly floating and strong in cun position, slightly rapid |
| Zhi Zi Gan Cao Chi Tang | Gardenia, Licorice, and Prepared Soybean Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | zhi zi (9g), dan dou chi (9g), gan cao | Clears heat and alleviates restlessness and irritability; mildly tonifies qi | Qi-Level Heat lingering in the Yang Ming Stage, with shortness of breath. | fever, shortness of breath, stifling sensation in chest, soft epigastrium, irritability, insomnia with toss & turn | slightly yellow coat, possibly floating and strong in cun position, slightly rapid |
| Zhi Zi Sheng Jiang Chi Tang | Gardenia, Fresh Ginger, and Prepared Soybean Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | zhi zi (9g), dan dou chi (9g), sheng jiang | Clears heat and alleviates restlessness and irritability; relieves nausea and vomiting | Qi-Level Heat lingering in the Yang Ming Stage, with nausea and vomiting. | fever, stifling sensation in chest, soft epigastrium, vomiting, irritability, insomnia with toss & turn | slightly yellow coat, possibly floating and strong in cun position, slightly rapid |
| Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang | Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Prepared Soybean Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Qi Level | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | zhi zi (9g), dan dou chi (9g), zhi shi | Clears heat and alleviates restlessness and irritability; regulates middle jiao qi | Qi-Level Heat lingering in the Yang Ming Stage, with fever and epigastric distention associated with recurrence of the disease (due to improper diet or over-exertion during convalescence). | fever, stifling sensation in chest, distended epigastrium, irritability, insomnia with toss & turn | slightly yellow coat, possibly floating and strong in cun position, slightly rapid |
| Qing Yang Tang | Clear the Nutritive Level Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Nutritive Level and Cool the Blood | Wu Ju Tong (1798): Wen Bing Tiao Bian - Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases | C: xi jiao (9g), D: xuan shen (9g), D: sheng di huang (15g), D: mai men dong (9g), A: jin yin hua (9g), A: lian qiao (6g), A: huang lian (4.5g), A: dan zhu ye (3g), A: dan shen (6g) | Clears the nutritive level, relieves fire toxin, drains heat, and nourishes yin. | Heat entering the nutritive level with some signs of heat lingering in the qi level | high fever, worse at night, (thirst, if heat in qi-level), (faint erythema & purpura), severe irritability, restlessness, (deliriousness) | scarlet dry tongue (yellow coat, if qi-level heat), thin rapid pulse |
| Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang * | Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat from the Nutritive Level and Cool the Blood | Sun Si-Miao (652 CE): Qian Jin Yao Fang - Thousand Ducat Formulas | C: xi jiao (3g), D: sheng di huang (24g), A: shao yao (9g), A: mu dan pi (6g) | Clears heat, relieves fire toxin, cools the blood, nourishes the yin, dispels blood stasis, and stops bleeding. | Heat entering the blood level; some patients become delirious | fever, nose bleeds, abdominal distention, thirst with inability to swallow, vomiting of blood, bloody, or black tarry stools, bloody urine, rashes, (deliriousness) | scarlet tongue with prickles, thin rapid pulse |
| Huang Lian Jie Du Tang * | Coptis Decoction to Relieve Toxicity | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Wang Tao (752 CE): Wai Tai Bi Yao - Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library | C: huang lian (9g), D: huang qin (6g), A: huang bai (6g), A: zhi zi (6-12g) | Drains fire and relieves toxicity. | Fire toxin obstructing all three burners; also for dysenteric disorders or jaundice due to damp-heat, focuses on draining heat. | high fever, (nosebleed), dry mouth, dry throat, incoherent speech, (vomiting blood), dark urine, (dysenteric disorders), (carbuncles, deep-rooted boils, toxic swellings & jaundice), irritability, insomnia | red tongue with yellow coat, forceful rapid pulse |
| Xie Xin Tang | Drain the Epigastrium Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Jin Gui Yao Lue - Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Coffer | C: da huang (6g), D: huang qin (3g), D: huang lian (3g) | Drains fire, relieves toxicity, and dries dampness. | Damp-heat with interior clumping; also for epigastric focal distention, jaundice, diarrhea, and dysenteric disorders, focuses on purging. | fever, flushed face, red, swollen eyes, red, swollen ears, nosebleed, ulcerations of the tongue, mouth, (delirious speech), epigastric focal distention, vomiting blood, dark urine, constipation, or diarrhea, abscesses, jaundice, irritability, restlessness | greasy yellow coat |
| Pu Ji Xiao Du Jin | Universal Benefit Decoction to Eliminate Toxin | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Li Dong-Yuan (1266): Dong Yuan Shi Xiao - Effective Formulas from Li Dong-Yuan's Practice | C: huang qin (15g), C: huang lian (15g), D: niu bang zi (3g), D: lian qiao (3g), D: bo he (3g), D: jiang can (1.5g), D: xuan shen (6g), D: ma bo (3g), D: ban lan gen (3g), D: jie geng (6g), D: gan cao (6g), A: chen pi (6g), E: chai hu (6g), E: sheng ma | Clears heat, eliminates fire toxin, and disperses wind-heat. | Epidemic toxin with wind-heat and damp-phlegm; this is called "massive febrile disorder of the heart" (da tou wen). | strong chills, strong fever, redness, swelling & burning of head & face, dysfunction of the throat, dryness, thirst | red tongue, powdery-white or yellow coat, floating forceful rapid pulse |
| Qing Wen Bai Du Yin | Clear Epidemics and Overcome Toxin Decoction | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Yu Shi-Yu (1794): Yi Zhen Yi De - Achievements Regarding Epidemic Rashes | shi gao (60-120g), zhi mu (6-12g), gan cao (3-6g), dan zhu ye (3-6g), xi jiao (9-12g), sheng di huang (9-15g), mu dan pi (6-12g), chi shao (6-12g), xuan shen (6-12g), huang lian (6-12g), huang qin (3-9g), zhi zi (6-12g), lian qiao (6-12g), jie geng (3-6g) | Clears heat, relieves toxicity, cools the blood and drains fire. | Severe fire in the Qi and Blood levels | intense fever, severe stabbing HA, (nosebleed), dark scorched lips, (delirious speech), strong thirst, dry heaves, (rash), extreme irritability | dark red tongue, floating large or submerged thin rapid pulse |
| Wu Wei Xiao Du Yin * | Five Ingredient Decoction to Eliminate Toxin | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Wu Qian (1742): Yi Zong Jin Jian - Golden Mirror of the Medical Tradition | C: jin yin hua (9g), D: pu gong ying (3.6g), D: zi hua di ding (3.6g), D: ye ju hua (3.6g), D: zi bei tian kui (3.6g) | Clears heat, relieves toxicity, cools the blood, and reduces swelling. | Fire-toxin from externally-contracted heat; especially for deep-rooted and hard lesions, focuses on relieving toxicity. | chills, fever, all kinds of boils and carbuncles with localized erythema, swelling, heat and pain | red tongue yellow coat, rapid pulse |
| Xiao Yan Jie Du Wan | Reduce Inflammation and Relieve Toxicity Pill | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Gong Xin-Zuan (Ming Dynasty): Gu Jin Yi Jian - Medical Mirror of Past and Present | pu gong ying (15-30g), jin yin hua (15-30g), lian qiao (12-24g), fang feng (9-12g), gan cao (3-6g) | Clears heat, relieves toxicity, and releases the exterior. | Fire-toxin from externally-contracted wind-heat | chills, fever, HA, sores and carbuncles (such as mastitis) | floating pulse |
| Si Miao Yong An Tang | Four Valiant Decoction for Well-Being | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | Bao Xiang-Ao (1846): Yan Fang Xin Bian - New Compilation of Time-Tested Formulas | C: jin yin hua (90g), D: xuan shen (90g), A: dang gui (60g), E: gan cao (30g) | Clears heat, relieves toxicity, nourishes the yin, invigorates the blood, and alleviates pain. | Fire toxin leading to stasis of Blood in the sinews and vessels; this is called "sloughing ulcer" (tuo ju). | fever, thirst, ulcerated sores that won't heal on a limb that is dark-red, slightly swollen and warm to the touch, and extremely painful | red tongue, rapid pulse |
| Liu Shen Wan | Six Miracle Pill | Formulas that Clear Heat and Relieve Toxicity | (modern): Zhong Yao Zhi Ji Shou Ce - Handbook of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparations | niu huang (4.5g), zhen zhu (4.5g), chan su (3g), xiong huang (3g), bing pian (3g), she xiang (4.5g) | Relieves fire toxin, reduces swelling, and alleviates pain. | Severe fire toxin andphlegm in the throat; also for carbuncles, acute localized infection, and lymphangitis, treats "milk moth" (ru e). | unilateral or bilateral pustular tonsilitis, severe sore throat with difficulty swallowing | scarlet red tongue w yellow coat, rapid pulse |
| Cong Chi Tang | Scallion and Prepared Soybean Decoction | Formulas that Release Early-Stage Exterior Disorders | Ge Hong (281-341): Bei ji Zhou Hou Fang - Emergency Formulas to Keep Up One's Sleeve | cong bai (3-5pc/9-12g), dan dou chi (12-30g) | Unblocks yang qi in the exterior and induces sweating. | Early-stage exterior disorders (may be used for either wind-cold or wind-heat) | slight chills, mild fever, no sweating, headache, stuffy nose | thin white coat, floating pulse |
| Ma Huang Tang * | Ephedra Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: ma huang (9g), D: gui zhi (6g), A: xing ren (70pc/9-12g), E: zhi gan cao (3g) | Releases exterior cold and arrests wheezing. | Exterior cold excess (injury from cold); also for cold causing sneezing, nosebleeds, or for painful-obstruction due to wind-cold-dampness | predominant chills, fever, no sweating, headache, general bodyaches, wheezing | thin white coat, floating tight pulse |
| Ma Huang Jia Zhu Tang | Ephedra Decoction plus Atractylodis | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Jin Gui Yao Lue - Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Coffer | ma huang (9g), gui zhi (6g), xing ren (70pc/9-12g), zhi gan cao (3g), bai zhu (12g) | Induces sweating, releases the exterior, disperses cold, and dispels dampness | Damp-cold in the exterior or invasion of wind-dampness in patients with chronic dampness usually due to SP Xu | predominant chills, fever, no sweating, headache, pronounced bodyaches, wheezing | thin white coat, floating tight pulse |
| Da Qing Long Tang | Major Bluegreen Dragon Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | ma huang (18g), gui zhi (6g), xing ren (60pc/6-9g), zhi gan cao (6g), shi gao (1pc/12-30g), sheng jiang (9g), da zao (12pc) | Releases the exterior and clears interior heat | Exterior cold with interior heat; also used for acute floating edema | chills, severe fever, no sweating, body aches, irritability | floating tight pulse |
| San Ao Tang | Three Unbinding Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Government Pharmacopia (1078-85): Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang - Imperial Grace Formulary | ma huang (6-9g), xing ren (9-12g), zhi gan cao (3-6g) | Disseminates LU qi and releases the exterior | Externally-contracted wind-cold; also for coughing and loss of voice due to wind-cold. Diaphoretic action is not as strong as Ma Huang Tang | headache, bodyaches, stuffy nose, wheezing, cough, copious thin white sputum, loss of voice, fullness in the chest | thin white coat, floating tight pulse |
| Hua Gai San | Canopy Powder | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Government Pharmacopia (1078-85): Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang - Imperial Grace Formulary | ma huang (30g), sang bai pi (30g), su zi (30g), xing ren (30g), chi fu ling (30g), chen pi (30g), gan cao (15g) | Disseminates LU qi, releases the exterior, expels phlegm and stops coughing | Wind-cold attacking the LU leading to copious sputum/phlegm, or pre-existing phlegm with w-c attack. | coughing, copious sputum, stifling sensation in chest | floating rapid pulse |
| Gui Zhi Tang * | Cinnamon Twig Decoction | Formulas that Release Exterior Cold | Zhang Zhong-Jing (150-219): Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage | C: gui zhi (9g), D: bai shao (9g), A: sheng jiang (9g), A: da zao (12pc/4pc), E: zhi gan cao (6g) | Releases pathogenic influences from the muscle layer and regulates the nutritive & protective qi. | Exterior cold from deficiency (attack by wind); also for similar presentation in patients recovering from serious illness or childbirth | chills, aversion to wind, slight fever, sweating, headache, stiff neck, nasal congestion, no particular thirst, dry heaves | thin white moist coat, floating moderate or frail pulse |
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