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peri vocab 1
WillWallace Perinatology Vocab 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ovum | female germ cell extruded by ovary at ovulation, newly fertilized egg still in blastomere stage, from conception to implantation, first day to day 12-14 (beginning of cell division) |
| blastomeres | daughter cells produced in ovum during rapid cleavage, 2 cells become 4, 4 become 8, etc. |
| morula | blastomeres that have grown enough to become a ball, 16-50 cells, stage of growth that ovum enters uterus |
| zona pellucida | transparent tissue envelope surrounding blastomeres |
| embryo | what fetus is called during stage II, end of ovum until growth is 3 cm head to rump, (53-56 days), major organs dev, most vulnerable to drugs, infection, radiation etc. |
| fetus | name used during 3rd stage (end of embryonic to birth), organs cont to grow, less susceptible to drugs etc, but still can affect development |
| neonate | birth to end of first month |
| infant | 1 month to 1 year |
| child | pt over 1 year |
| chorionic villa | vascular fibrils on the surface of placenta that connects placenta to uterus-place where maternal and fetal blood exchange nutrients and blood gases (formed by trophoblast) |
| choana | funnel shaped opening between posterior nares and nasopharynx |
| choanal atresia | congenital abnormality in which membrane or bony occlusions block the choana-caused by nasopharyngeal septum failure to rupture during embryo development |
| chemoreceptor | sensory nerve located in carotid artery, stimulated by chemical (co2-H+), signals central respiratory center to > or < ventilation |
| cotyledon | visible segment of maternal surface of placenta, contains fetal vessels, chorionic villa and intervillous space |
| blastocyst | ovum/embryo stage following morula, ball forms with central cavity filled w/fluid (blastoceale) with outer layer of triphoblast (becomes placenta) and embroblast (becomes embryo) |
| baroreceptor | press sensitive nerve ending found in walls of atria, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus-stretching leads to central reflex causing vasodilation or constriction |
| amnion | membrane covering fetal side of placenta, outer umbilical cord and entire surface of uterus |
| dichotomy | division or separation into two or more parts |
| ductus arteriosus | vascular channel that connects pulm artery to descending aorta in fetal circulation |
| ductus venosus | vascular channel in fetal circulation that passes through liver and connects umbilical vein to inferior vena cava |
| ectoderm | outermost layer of the 3 germ layers, gives rise to nervous system, eyes, ears, epidermis and mucus membranes |
| endoderm | innermost layer of the 3 germ layers of developing embryo, gives rise to epithelium of resp tract, GI tract, urinary tract, pharynx, tonsils and thyroid gland |
| Fertilization | union of mail and female gametes (sperm and egg) to form zygote |
| foramen ovale | opening in the septum separating atria in fetal heart |
| FRC | volume of gas in lungs following normal exhalation |
| Intervillous space | space between the chorionic villa(on placenta wall), acts as reservoir for maternal arterial blood, which exchanges nutrients and waste with fetal blood |
| mesoderm | middle of the 3 germ layers of developing embryo, gives rise to bones, connective tissue, muscles, blood, vascular and lymph tissue |
| oligohydramnios | abnormally small amount or absence of amniotic fluid |
| phosphatidylglycerol (PG) | acidic phospholipids found in surfactant-presence in amniotic fluid signals mature lungs |
| phospholipids | compound of phosphoric acid, fatty acid and nitrogen base, found in most living cells (cell wall covering) |
| phosphatidylcholine (PC) | major component of mature surfactant, compound most active in lowering surface tension (used in amniocentesis to measure lung maturity) aka DPPC |
| polyhydramnios | condition w/excess amniotic fluid (>2000 mL) |
| septum primum | embryologic structure of developing heart, eventually becomes ventrical septum |
| sinus venosus | embryologic structure in fetal heart eventually becomes inferior and superior vena cava and portion of right atrium |
| sphingomyelin | a type of sphingolipid found in steady quantity in amniotic fluid, S of L/S ratio test (to determine lung maturity) |
| Lecithin | L in L/S ratio test.......aka PC |
| surfactant | combination of lipoproteins found in mature alveoli that reduce surface tension of pulm fluids |
| trophoblast | one of the layers of tissue that forms wall of blastocyst, becomes placenta |
| truncus arteriosus | embryotic tissue of developing heart, becomes aorta and pulm artery |
| placenta | organ of respiration for fetus, fetus gets nutrients and O2, rids CO2 and waste, at term it is round, 1/3 of uterine surface, 1 lb or 15-20% of fetal term weight |
| 3 shunts of fetal circulation are | ductus venosus, foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus |
Created by:
williamwallace
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