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A&P1 - Chapter 11
The Muscular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ___________ muscles. | circular |
| In a ___________ muscle, the fascicles are concentrically arranged around an opening. | circular |
| The type of muscle whose functional characteristics most closely resemble those of its muscle fibers is the ___________ muscle. | parallel |
| In a ______ muscle, the muscle fibers and fascicles lie in a slanted or oblique position to the tendon. | pennate |
| What are the forms of fascicle organization? | (1) parallel (2) convergent (3) pennate (4) circular |
| __________ muscle fibers pulls in different directions, permitting different actions depending on stimulation. | convergent |
| Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are ________ muscles. | parallel |
| A lever consists of _________________. | a rigid structure and a fulcrum |
| The most common lever systems in the body are those that have the applied force between the fulcrum and the load. These are called __________ levers. | third-class |
| Contracting the gastrocnemius muscles to elevate the body on the toes involves a _________ lever. | second-class |
| The fulcrum of a lever system is the ______________. | joint |
| A(n) __________ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement. | synergist |
| A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily resposible for a given action is a(n) _______________. | synergist |
| The name of the muscle can indicate what things about the muscle? | location, shape, relative size, number of origin, location of attachment and action of muscle |
| Muscles with fibers that run parallel to the long axis of the body are called ____________. | rectus |
| Muscles visible at the body surface are often called ___________. | superficialis |
| Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called ____________. | medialis |
| Muscles with fibers that run at an angle to the long axis of the body are called ________________. | oblique |
| Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called _____________. | transversus |
| Superficial muscles that position or stabilize an organ are called ______________. | extrinsic |
| Muscles located entirely within an organ are called ______________. | intrinsic |
| When the fulcrum is located between the load and the force, it is called a ______________ lever. | third-class |
| What are some examples of a pennate muscle? | extensor digitorum -muscle that extends fingers rectus femorus -extensor of the knee |
| Excessive abdominopelvic pressure can cause _______________. | BOTH: inguinal hernia and diaphragmatic hernia |
| Pam's daughter is born cross eyed. As she grows, the problem does not become any better. Her physician suggests cutting an eye muscle to bring the eyes into a more normal position. Which muscle will he cut? | medial rectus |
| Tom, a trumpet player, asks you which muscles he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter. What would you tell him? | the buccinator and orbicularis oris |
| Muscle fibers in skeletal muscle form bundles called ___________. | fascicles |
| In the musculoskeletal system, levers are formed by ____________. | joints |
| A __________ is a rigid structure that moves on a fixed point. | lever |
| the muscle group on the posterior right thigh is called the ____________ group. | hamstring |
| The four prominent muscles on the anterior thigh compromise the ______________ muscle group. | quadriceps femoris |
| Muscles on the posterior of the forearm __________ the wrist and fingers. | extends |
| *SHORT ANSWER QUESTION* Shelly gives her son an icecream cone. the boy grasps the cone with his right hand, opens his mouth & begins to lick the icecream. Which muscles does he use to perform these actions? | As the child grasps the icecream cone, he used flexor muscles, principally the flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, & flexor pollicis longus muscle. Opening his mouth requires the contraction of the platysma & digastric muscles |
| *CONTINUED* & the relaxation of the masseter, temporalis & pterygoid muscles. The licking action would involve the genioglossus muscle (to depress/protract the tongue) & the palatoglossus muscle (to elevate the tongue) |
Created by:
jnipper
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