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BL1.3 Criminal
BusLaw1 Criminal
Term | Definition |
---|---|
aggravated assault | a stronger form of assault, usually using a deadly weapon. |
ALI Test | Test for insanity. American Law Institute provides defendant would not be criminally responsible for conduc if lacking capacity to understand right or wrong as a result of mental disease or defect. |
arson | The willful and malicious burning of a building |
assault | Attempt to commit a battery (unlawful touching of another person) |
battery | The unlawful touching of another person |
burglary | Breaking and entering a house or other structure to commit a felony. Unauthorized entry into a building or occupied structure with intent to commit a crime. |
castle law | States that a person's legally occupied place (house, car, workplace) has certain protection that permit the use of force if threatened. |
crime | An offense committed against the public good, or society |
defendant | A person accused of a crime |
defense of a family member | A defense to a crime. Allows use of reasonable force to protect a family member from bodily harm (also defense of innocents). |
drag racing | Racing two vehicles side by side of riming vehicles that separately run a prearranged course. |
embezzlement | The wrongful taking of another person's property by a person who is entrusted with that property |
entrapment | A law enforcement officer induces a law-abiding citizen to commit a crime. |
extortion | The crime of getting money from someone by the use of force or threats. |
felony | A major crime punishable by prison or death |
felony murder law | Legal rule that expands the definition of murder to include death of a person (intentional or unintentional) that occurs during the commission of a felony. |
first-degree murder | Unlawful killing of another person, that is both willful and pre-meditated; with "malice aforethought" |
infraction | A minor offense that is usually punishable with a fine and not with jail time |
insanity | A defense by an accused to avoid liability for a crime because, at the time of the crime, the person did not appreciate the nature or quality or wrongfulness of the acts. i.e., they could not tell right from wrong. |
intent | the determination to perform a particular act |
joy riding | taking a vehicle without the owner's permission. |
kidnapping | The unlawful removal or restraint of a person against his or her will |
larceny | The unlawful taking and carrying away of the personal property of another with the intent to deprive the owner of the property |
manslaughter | The unlawful killing of another human being without malice aforethought; can be divided into two categories, voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary or involuntary killing of another person without intending to do so |
misdemeanor | A crime less serious than a felony that is punishable by a fine or a brief imprisonment in a county or city jail. |
M'Naghten Rule | A test applied to determine whether a person accused of a crime was sane at the time of its commission and, therefore, criminally responsible for the wrongdoing. It is the oldest test for criminal insanity. |
motive | an idea, belief or emotion that causes a person to act in accordance with that a state of mind (not required to be proved to find guilty) |
murder | The unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought which means the killer had evil intent. |
plaintiff | The party that accuses a person of a crime |
prosecutor | The government attorney who presents the case in court against the person accused. |
robbery | The wrongful taking of someone's property by threatening or using violence |
second degree murder | the unlawful killing of another person without planning ahead of time; non-premeditated. |
self-defense | The use of force to protect oneself when have good reason to believe they are in danger of serious injury or death |
shoplifting | The act of stealing goods from a store |
stealing | Missouri's term for larceny |
treason | The betrayal of one's own country by waging war against it or by consciously or purposely acting to aid its enemies. |
vandalism | Willful or malicious damage to property |