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DU PA Ever Geri II

Duke PA Everything Geriatrics II

QuestionAnswer
an opacity of the lens due to proteins reducing visual acuity cataracts
incidence of cataracts 92% of people over the age of 75, F>M
risk factors for cataracts aging, smoking, chronic steroid use, exposure to UV light, atopic dermatitis, diabetes
symptoms of cataracts progressive decrease in visual acuity with out pain, second sight-temporary improvement in presbyopia, glare increased with bright lights
PE findings with cataracts opacity is teh black or grayish silhouette against red reflex. complete cataract is seen as a whitish blue clouding through pupil
incidence of glaucoma affects 2.5 million americans-80,000 legally blind
risk factors for glaucoma over the age of 40, AA, Mexican americans over the age of 60
most common form of glaucoma open angle
leading cause of blindness open angle glaucoma
prevention of glaucoma annual screening of IOP and visual fields
treatment for open angle glaucoma beta blockers, miotics(pilocarpine), prostaglandin agonist (xalatan), carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (trusopt, diamox)
which glaucoma is an ocular emergency acute angle closure glaucoma
S&S of acute angle closure glaucoma IOP>21mm Hg, conjunctiva injected, mid-dilated non-reactive pupil, shallow chamber, blurred vision, halos, ocular pain, N/V
treatment for acute angle-closure glaucoma lie supine, medical emergency (911), laser peripheral iridotomy after IOP controlled
__ causes progressive loss of central vision macular degeneration
leading cause of vision loss in adults >65 macular degeneration
three types of macular degeneration dry (atrophic 90%), drusen, wet (exudative)
risk factors for macular degeneration smoking, fam hx, cardiovascular dz, obesity and inactivity
loss of central vision, straight lines appear blurry, wavy or with missing segments, decreased visual acuity and fields, Amsler grid seen with broken or wavy lines Macular degeneration
treatment for dry macular degeneration no known treatment
treatment for wet macular degeneration screen with Amsler grid periodically, laser photocoagulation may prevent further visual loss in 50% of cases
treatment for sudden hearing loss refer to otolaryngologist ASAP, recovery depends on early diagnosis and treatment
Weber lateralizes to better ear in __ hearing loss sensorineural
Created by: bwyche
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