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Earthquake

TermDefinition
Earthquake viberations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy usually as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault
crust the outer layer: the coolest & least dense layer
fault A fracture in bedrock along witch blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture
mantle the layer of the earth beneath the crust it is about 2900 km thick & it makes up about 83% of the earths interior
lithosphere the cool solid outer shell of the earth it consist of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle & is broken up into segments or plates.
lithospheric plates are regions of Earth's crust and upper mantle that are fractured into plates
seismologists a scientest who studies earthquakes
Convergent When two plates collide (crash)
Divergent When two plates move away from each other
Transform When two plates slide past each other
subduction The sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earths crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
epicenter the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.
Mercalli scale rates the earthquake according to the damage
ricter scale a scale, ranging from 1 to 10, for indicating the intensity of an earthquake.
moment magnitude scale is used by seismologists to measure the size of earthquakes in terms of the energy released.
Magnitude indicates the strength of an earthquake.
tsunami A BIG wave caused by an earthquake or another disturbance.
liqufication turns a nonliquid form into a liquid
aftershock a smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake.
seismology The science or study of an earthquake
seimograph the scientific measuring and recording tool of the shock and vibrations of earthquakes
convection the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas.
s wave wavy more damage than P wave shakes buildings from side to side happens 2nd
P wave Happens 1st not as strong as the other waves pushes and pulls causes buildings to contact and expand. streight wave not curvy.
Surface Wave Most damaging shakes buildings violently 3rd one to occur.
focus The point at which a rock under stress breaks and triggers an earthquake
compression pushes rock together and it causes the rock to fold or break
Tension pulls on the crust and causes the crust to become thinner in the middle
Shearing Pushes the rock in two different directions and causes the rock to break & slip apart or change shape.
Plateau A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level
Normal Fault When the hanging wall slips downward below the footwall
Reverse Fault When the hanging wall slides up and over the footwall
Created by: 1964967436
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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