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NC #9
Safety & Asepsis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Joint Commission? | Organization that provides accreditation to health care agencies that develops National Patient safety goals |
| What can lead to patient injury? | Deviation form Nation Patient safety goals |
| What types of fire extinguishers are there? | Various types |
| What is the first priority in case of fire? | Remember to stay calm, if personal or patient safety is endangered, evacuate the area |
| Shat are the fours steps to correctly use fire extinguisher? | Pull pin, Carry & hold extinguisher upright, point nozzle @ base of fire, squeezing handle of the extinguisher to discharge content & move in sweeping motion |
| According to OSHA, what do all employee's have the right to know? | About any hazardous materials they may encounter |
| Where must MSDS be? | Information must be on the labels of the product, and more details can be found on the MSDS sheets |
| What is HAZCOM & what must employers do? | Hazardous Communication Program - employers must have a written program to communicate with their employees about the hazardous material & how to handle them |
| What is included on the MSDS? | Level of hazard, training on how to handle hazard & where to find information on HAZMAT |
| What is the purpose of the MSDS? | Provide protection precautions that should be used while handling the chemical |
| What does R.A.C.E. stand for? | Remove patients from danger - Activate the alarm system & alert others - Contain the fire - Extinguish the fire |
| Who may be responsible for patient safety in different types of disasters? | Health care worker |
| What are three things to remember during Emergency Action? | Stay calm, Provide safety, & always follow disaster policies of the facility |
| What are the steps in an incident/variance report? | First concern is the victim, Assess the victim, Report the incident, contact Doctor/Family, Chart what happened & fill out incident form, Return incident/variance form to floor manager, DO NOT chart that an incident form was filled out!! |
| Health care workers can get diseases caused by exposure to what? | Body fluids |
| What bodily fluids can health care workers be exposed to if they aren't properly protected? | Blood & blood components, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebral spinal fluid, saliva, & mucus |
| How can the infected blood get into the health care workers body? | Cuts, needle punctures, eyes, chapped or cracked skin |
| What are the two diseases caused by bloodborne pathogens | Hepatitis B & AIDS |
| What is the definition of AIDS? | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
| What is AIDS caused by? | HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
| What disease is spread through the air? | TB - Tuberculosis Bacillus |
| True or False: Lately TB is on decline? | False |
| What PPE is a health care worker required to wear if they care for a patient that has TB? | N95 or Hepa Mask (aka respirator) |
| What two things can be hazardous if not controlled? | Radiation & Radioactive substances |
| What does PPE stand for? | Personal Protective Equipment |
| What are example's of PPE and when should they be used? | Latex gloves - used when handling sterile equipment, patients, supplies that contain blood/body fluids. Gowns - protects clothes Mask/Goggles - protects mucous membranes /eyes from splattering blood/body fluids |
| What is a good way to protect against hazardous exposure? | Wash hand frequently |
| What is good hand washing technique? | Use of warm running water, soap & friction |
| True or False: Heavily soiled hands should be washed longer than slightly soiled hands? | True |
| What do you place glass, needles, & scalpels in? | SHARPS container |
| What is one of the BEST preventative measures for infection control? | Hand hygiene |
| Each facility as a NO what policy? | Lift |
| What are the guidelines called that each facility has with regards to lifting? | Safe lifting algorithm |
| Manual lifting techniques are not enough to prevent injuries, what else must you do? | Use mechanical lift devices |
| How do you maintain good body mechanics? | Broad base of support, bend at hips & knees, get close to object, keep back straight, DO NOT BEND AT WAIST |
| What is a high risk activity for both LPN and patient? | Manual lifting & moving of dependent patients |
| What does bending for long periods of time cause? | Strain & stress on your muscles |
| What is a consequence of fungi? | Athletes foot |
| What is a consequence of Rickettsias? | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
| What is consequence of viruses? | Colds |
| What is an infection that occurs with in a health care organization called? | Nosocomial infection |
| What does a patient who is more susceptible to an infection while in the hospital have? | Compromised Immune system |
| What are most nosocomial infections caused by? | Soiled hands |
| What is the most common infection acquired wile in a medical setting? | UTI |
| What is a person who harbors & spreads a microorganism that causes diseases in others called? | Carrier |
| What microorganism is responsible for more diseases than any other? | Streptococcus |
| What do you call an infection that doesn't work with antibiotics? | Resistant |
| What is an example of a resistant infection? | MRSA - Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus |
| How can microorganisms be transmitted? | Eating & drinking utensils, food, water, insects, animals, personal care & hygiene equipment |
| What are aerobes? | Bacteria that grow in the presence of oxygen |
| What are anerobes? | Bacteria that grow with out oxygen |
| What is the Chain of Infection? | Infectious agent - pathogen; Reservior - where pathogen can grow; Exit rt from reservoir; Mode of transmission - method/vehicle of transportation; Portal of entry - entrance through skin, mucus lining; Host - another person/animal susceptible to pathogen |
| What is the best way to interrupt the chain of infection? | Hand hygiene |
| What is surgical asepsis? | Destroys all microorganisms and their spores |
| What kind of jewelry can microorganisms lodge in? | Diamond rings |
| What type of precautions are used for care of all patients? | Standard |
| What does standard precautions mean? | Consider all blood & bodily fluids to be infectious, use PPE when handling blood/body fluids or when there is a potential for bloody/body fluids |
| What does PPE include? | Gloves, gown, mask/goggles |
| What do you do when there are airborne precautions? | Wear a mask in addition to other PPE for illnesses such as measles, chickenpox, & shingles |
| What do you do when there are droplet precautions? | Wear a mask in addition to other PPE for illnesses such as influenza, meningitis, sepsis, diphtheria, pertussis, strep, pneumonia, mumps, & rubella |
| What does it mean to be immunocompromised? | Patient who does NOT have antibodies to fight off infections; they are put in a private room for their protection (aka, reverse protection) |
| When does a sterile object become unsterile? | When it is touched by another object that is not sterile |
| What is the outer inch of a sterile field called? | CONTAMINATED |
| What should you do if you are in doubt if a piece of equipment is sterile? | Err on the side of caution, get a new sterile piece of equipment |
| What is considered a restraint on a bed? | All four rails are put up |
| What is a safety reminder device (SRD)? | Any numerous devices used to immobilize a patient or a part of a patients body |
| What has to be in place before a SRD can be used? | Physicians order that includes duration and reason |
| How often is monitoring done on a patient with SRD? | Every 30 mins to 2hrs |
| What must be done each time monitoring of SRD is complete? | Documentation of type of device, and assessment of circulation, skin integrity, & adequate breathing (if vest SRD used) |
| When do we wash our hands? | Before & after handling food, before & after patient care, before & after we take off our gloves |
| What do you tie a SRD to? | Bed frame / NEVER a bed rail |
| What is streptococcus bacterium responsible for? | More diseases than any other organism |
| Define antiseptic | Substance that tends to inhibit growth & reproduction of microorganisms |
| Define contamination | Condition of being soiled |
| What is a host? | An organism in which another, usually parasitic, organism is nourished and harbored |
| Define exit route | Point of escape |
| Define spore | Body that formed by the bacterium when conditions are unfavorable for growth of bacteria |
| Define vehicle | A means by which microorganisms are carried & transported to the next host, once they have left the reservoir |
| Define carrier or vector | Is a person or animal who does not become ill but harbors and spreads an organism, causing disease in others |
| Define reservoir | Where a pathogen can grow |
| Define virus | Smallest known agents to cause disease |
| What are the rules of good body mechanics? | Keep feet 8"-10" apart, one foot forward, balance weight on both feet, point toes in direction of movement |
| What does PASS mean? | Pull pin, Aim nozzle @ base of fire, Squeeze handle, Sweep back & forth |
| What is medical asepsis? | Consists of techniques that inhibit the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms |
Created by:
tandkhopkins
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