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jgertgen_Module01
Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | The process by which a drug is taken into the body and moves from the site of administration into the blood. |
| Adverse effect | Undesired, potentially harmful side effects of drugs. |
| Agonist | Drugs that bind to or have an affinity (attraction) for a receptor and cause a particular response. |
| Antagonist | Drugs that bind to a receptor and prevent a response are called? |
| Bioavailability | Indicates the degree to which the drug molecule reaches the site of action to exert its effects. |
| Biotechnology | Refers to the concepts of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology. |
| Biotransformation | To change lipid-soluble drug molecules into water-soluble molecules that can be more easily excreted. |
| Bolus | Drugs given all at once. |
| Contraindication | Reasons against giving a particular drug are called? |
| Distribution | Drug molecules eventually diffuse out of the bloodstream to the site of action in the process called? |
| Duration | The time between onset and disappearance of drug effects is called? |
| Emulsion | Medication is contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together with an emulsifier. |
| Enteral | Indicates that the medication is taken into the gastrointestinal tract, primarily by mouth. |
| Excretion | Medications taken into the body are eliminated in the process called? |
| Hypersensitivity | An adverse effect resulting from previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug. |
| Idiosyncratic effect | Drug effects are rare and unpredictable adverse reactions to drugs. |
| Indication | The reason or purpose for giving a medication is called the? |
| Local effect | Topical agent that works at the site of application. |
| Onset | The time between administration of a drug and the first appearance of effects is called? |
| Parenteral | Indicates that the medication is taken any route other than the digestive tract, the most common of which are subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous. |
| Pharmacodynamics | The study of what drugs do to the body (how drugs affect the body). |
| Pharmacokinetics | The study of what the body does to drugs (how the body processes drugs). |
| Plasma protein binding | Drug molecules bind to proteins (albumins and globulins) contained in plasma—the liquid portion of blood—via a process known as? |
| Reconstituted | Powders must be mixed with a liquid to form a solution that can be administered by injection. |
| Side effect | Is a predictable but unintended effect of a drug. |
| Solubility | Drugs ability to be dissolved and also affects the absorption rate. |
| Solution | A mixture of drug particles fully dissolved in a liquid medium. |
| Suspension | A form in which solid undissolved particles float in a liquid. |
| Synergist | A drug that enhances the effect of another drug is called a? |
| Systemic effect | Topical medication that works throughout the entire body. |
| Topical | Indicates that the medication is applied to the skin surface or a mucous membrane–lined cavity. |
| Controlled substances | Drugs capable of being abused. |
| Narcotics | Are also called opioid pain relievers and are controlled substances. |
| DEA | Drug Enforcement Administration |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| The Joint Commission | Accredits hospitals and other health care institutions. |
| OTC | Nonprescription or over-the-counter drugs |
| PDR | Provides easy access to information on several thousand medications used in medical and surgical practice. |
| USP-NF | Assigns an official name to a new medication; this is usually the generic name. |
Created by:
jennifer.gertgen1
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