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science final
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| Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Aphelion | The further point of the earth's orbit |
| Conduction | The movement of energy from one material to another by touching. |
| Density | the amount of mass compared to its volume |
| Earth Revolution | the earth orbits the sun once in 365.24 days |
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances, the building blocks of matter |
| Exothermic | a reaction or change that releases energy |
| Homogeneous Mixture | a mixture that appears the same throughout; milk |
| Kinetic Energy | the energy of movement, like water flowing down a mountain |
| Load | the amount of sediment in a river |
| Moons Orbit | the moon orbit around the earth takes the same amount of time as the moons rotation. This makes the same side of the moon always face the earth, and causes the "Dark side of the moon" |
| Rifts | An area of the crust where the plates pull apart. |
| Substance | anything that contains only one pure type of material |
| Winter begins December 20 or 21st | it is called the Winter Solstice. The earth's southern end of the axis is pointing towards sun, causing the Northern Hemisphere to get the least amount of light than any other time of the year. |
| Radiation | The movement of energy through space |
| Deposition | the process that lays down sediment |
| Elliptical Orbit | the shape of the earth's orbit |
| Evaporation | the process of water in a liquid state, turning into a gas by using heat |
| Grams | the SI measurement for mass |
| Index Contour | a contour line that is darker in color and is labeled with elevation |
| Liters | the SI unit for volumes |
| Moons Craters | Because the moon has no atmosphere; meteorites are not burned up before they strike the surface. When they hit the surface of the moon craters are formed from the impact. |
| Perihelion | the closest point of the earth's orbit from the sun |
| Ground water | water that is stored underground |
| Abrasion | the wearing a way of rock due to grinding action |
| Andromeda | the closest galaxy besides the Milky Way |
| Chemical Properties | characteristics of a substance that determine how they will react with other substances chemically. example- the ability to combust, tarnish, rust, oxidize, electrolicise |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | a mixture that doesn't appear the same throughout; oatmeal |
| Inner/Outer | planets in order |
| Landforms | a feature of topography formed by the process of earth |
| Latitude Line | Imaginary lines that travel East & West describing position relative to the equator |
| Lithosphere | the upper layer of the mantle and the crust that is made of solid rock. |
| Milky Way | the galaxy the earth is part of |
| Plateau | an elevated plain |
| Polor bonds in water molecules | the positive charge of the hydrogen atoms of water molecules make the bonds between H2o a polar bond |
| Poxima Centauri | the closest star other than the sun to the earth |
| Runoff | water that flows along the earths surface |
| Scale | often given as a ratio, it relates distance on a map to real distance |
| SI Units | The international start of metric measurements |
| Speed of Earth's Rotation | 1000 mph |
| Stalagmite | an icicle shared formation that forms on the floor of a cave |
| Stalagtite | an icicle shaped formation that forms on the roof of a cave |
| Convection | The movement of energy by flowing through currents. |
| Crust | made of hardened rock the outer and thinnest layer. |
| Gravity | the force that pulls a glacier downhill |
| Map | a flat model of the earth or part of the earth |
| Outer | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Plain | a large, low flat, landform |
| Sediment | the material made of small pieces of rock & remains of living things |
| Slope | the angle of incline that the water flows down due to gravity |
| Inner | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Key | describes symbols on a map |
| Mountain | large, rocky, highly elevated land form |
| Accretion | The formation process that involves gravity pulling material from space together to form a planet or other heavenly body. |
| Age of the Earth | 4.6 Billion years old |
| Aquifers | LI's largest area of ground water |
| Asthenosphere | the layer of the mantle that that is made of a soft layer of rock. |
| Atomic nucleus | the central part (region) of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons |
| Compound | 2 or more different elements chemically bonded together |
| Condensation | the process of water vapor turning back into a liquid |
| Continental Glacier | a large glacier that spreads out over a large island or continent |
| Contour Interval | the elevation between contour lines |
| Contour Lines | Imaginary lines that show elevation |
| Dates of Ice Age | Most recent end of the advance was 17,000 years ago |
| Degrees | measures distance around the earth |
| Delta | a sediment deposit formed from silt at the river's mouth |
| Earth's Rotation | Once in 24 hours. The cause of night and day. The spinner of earth on its axis. |
| Earth's tilt | 23.5 degrees. gives us season |
| Energy levels | the area of an atom where electrons occur, also called shell, orbit, rings, cloud |
| Equator | an imaginary line that divides earth into Northern & Southern Hemisphere |
| Erosion | the process of removing weathered rock and sediment from an area |
| Formula of water | H2o |
| Freezing | When low temperatures make water a solid |
| Friction | the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another |
| Hemisphere | one half of the sphere that makes up the earths surface |
| How do you find protons, neutrons and electrons using a periodic table? | the atomic number equals the number of protons equals the number of electrons for a blanked atom, the rounded off atomic mass minus the atomic number equals the number of neutron |
| Infiltration | Water that enters the earths surface through the soil |
| Light Year | The distance light travels in on year |
| Inner Core | The center of the earth made of solid iron and nickel due to the extreme gravity and pressure found there. |
| Longitude Lines | imaginary lines that travel North & South describing position relative to the Prime Meridian |
| Mantle | Layer beneath the crust, made of an asphalt like molten rock and a layer of solid rock beneath. |
| Meanders | the snakelike bends formed in a river from banks being eroded |
| Meter | the SI unit that measures the distance between two points |
| Mixtures | 2 or more substance mixed but not chemically bonded (combined) together. |
| Molecule | 2 or more atoms combined chemically |
| Moons Maria | The moons Maria are actually regions filled with dark volcanic rock called basalt. The basalt looks like seas and therefore called Marias for the Mares meaning sea. |
| Moraines | a large hill formed by glaciers |
| Outer Core | Molten iron and nickel layer beneath the mantle. Convection currents of the molten metals cause magnetic fields. |
| Out Wash Plains | the large sandy formation found downhill from moraines |
| Pangaea | The super-continent that existed 150,000,000 years ago |
| Percolation | the process of water flowing between soil particles |
| Physical properties | characteristics of a substance that can be observed; bindability, melting, change of stale,changing form of appearance without changing the substance chemically |
| Polority | The hydrogen sides of water are positive and the oxygen is negative |
| Potential Energy | energy that is stored, like snow at the top of a mountain |
| Precipitation | Water falling back to earth |
| Prime Meridian | an imaginary line that divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres |
| Sea Floor spreading | a gap or rift in the crust beneath the sea that causes the sea floor to spread out. It can force the plates of continents to break apart causing continental drift. The Mid -Atlantic Ridge is an example of Sea Floor spreading |
| Satellite | The moon of earth's natural satellite |
| Spring begins on March 21st | it is called the Vernal Equinox. The earth's axis is again not tilting towards or away from the earth. This causes an equal amount of light to both hemispheres. |
| Stream | a channel along which water flows down a slope they rarely dry up |
| Streambed | the bottom of the river |
| Subduction | When one tectonic plate submerges itself under another. The Indo-Australian plate is subducting under the Eurasian plate. |
| Summer begins June 21st | it is called the Summer Solstice, the earth's northern end of the axis points towards the sun. This causes the northern hemisphere to have more daylight, than any other time of the year. |
| Symbols | shapes & pictures that stand for features on the earth's surface |
| Topography | the shape of the land |
| Transform boundary | When one plate slides next to another plate. The San Andreas Fault is an example of a transform boundary. |
| Turbulence | water that flows in every different direction |
| Volume | the amount of space an object occupies |
| What is the mass and charge of the following particles? | Protons, electrons, neutrons: Protons-mass-1 charge +, electrons-mass=~0charge-, neutrons-mass=1 charge=0 |
Created by:
camijojo12
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