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The Axial Skeleton

QuestionAnswer
____ are formed by the articulation of two cranial bones sutures
sutures are formed when? within a year or two of birth
prior to suture formation, the cartilage-filled spaces between cranial bones are called _____ fontanels
the ____ is formed by the top and sides of the cranium cranial vault
a sinus is a _____ cavity inside a bone
a fossa is a ____ depression or indentation
the cranial fossae are ____ depressions in the floor of the cranium
a foramen is _____ a passage or opening through a bone
a septum is _____ a dividing wall or structure
the ____ forms the forehead frontal bone
the ____ forms the superior aspect of each orbit (eye socket) frontal bone
the ____ forms the anterior cranial fossa frontal bone
the ____ articulates posteriorly with the parietal bones via the coronal suture frontal bone
in the region just deep to the eyebrows, ____ are present which allow nerves and arteries to pass supraorbital foramina
the ____ bone contains the frontal sinus frontal
the area of bone where _____is called the glabella just above the bridge of the nose
the two mirror-image bones which form much of the superior and lateral portions of the skull are the _____ bones parietal
the coronal suture is formed by articulation of which bones? parietal and frontal bones
the sagittal suture is formed by articulation of which two bones? the two parietal bones
the lambdoid suture is formed by articulation of which bones? occipital and parietal bones
the squamosal suture is formed by articulation of which two bones? parietal and temporal bones
the ____ suture is formed by articulation of the parietal and frontal bones coronal
the ____ suture is formed by articulation of two parietal bones sagittal
the ___ suture is formed by articulation of the occipital and parietal bones lambdoid
the ____ suture is formed by articulation of the parietal and temporal bones squamosal
the posterior base of the skull is formed by the ____ bone occipital
the foramen magnum is the ______ passageway through which the spinal cord leaves the skull
the foramen magnum is the largest opening in the occipital bone
Cranial nerve XII leaves the skull via small openings immediately lateral to the foramen magnum which are called the _____ hypoglossal canals
the function of the occipital condyles is to ____ articulate with C1 (the first vertebra) to allow the head to nod
the external occipital protuberance and crest and the nuchal lines are ______ sites of muscle and ligament attachment
the two-mirror image bones which form the inferolateral aspect of skull and part of the middle cranial fossa are the ____ bones temporal
the ___ of the ___ bone forms the posterior section of the zygomatic arch zygomatic process; temporal
the mandible articulates with the ____ of the temporal bone mandibular fossa
the external acoustic meatus is the ___ in the ___ bone canal leading the eardrum; temporal
the hyoid bone is attached by ligaments to the ____ of the ____ bone styloid process; temporal
the facial nerve leaves the cranial cavity through the ___ in the ____ bone stylomast foramen; temporal
the ____, which are passages for the optic nerve and ophthalmic arteries, are found in the ____ bone optic canals; sphenoid
the hypophyseal fossa, a depression in a region of the ____ bone called the ____, is the seat for the pituitary gland sphenoid; sella turcica
the anterior clinoid process of the ____ bone serves as ____ sphenoid; anchoring point for the brain
the foramen rotundum of the _____ bone serves as _____ sphenoid; passageway for the nerves innervating the maxillary region of the face
the ____ bone forms part of the anterior cranial fossa, the superior portion of the nasal septum, the lateral walls and rood of nasal cavity, and part of the medial wall of the orbits ethmoid
the crista galli is ____ an attachment point for the meninges
the crista galli is a small crest on the ____ bone ethmoid
the cribriform plate is a surface filled with small foramina on the _____ bone ethmoid
the cribriform plate contains passages for nerve filaments of the olfactory (sense of smell) nerves
the superior and middle nasal concha are regions of the ____ bone ethmoid
the nasal concha create _____, which increases the ability of the nose to trap dust, preventing it from reaching the lungs turbulence
the temporalis muscle, which helps close the jaw, attaches to the ____ of the mandible coronoid process
the ___ of the mandible articulate with the temporal bone mandibular condyles
during development, the two halves of the mandible fuse to form the ____ mandibular symphysis
mandibular alveoli serve as ______ sockets for teeth
the inferior alveolar nerves ( which innervate the teeth of the lower jaw) travel through the _____ of the mandible mandibular foramina
blood vessels and nerves reach the chin and lower lip through the ____ of the mandible mental foramina
the ____ bones are found deep to the upper lip; they form part of the cheekbone and the lateral aspects of the bridge of the nose maxilla
the maxilla includes a canal for the passage of nerves and blood vessels whose entrance, the ____ is found in the roof of the mouth incisive fossa
the ____ of each ____ bone from the anterior portion of the hard palate ( the bony part of the roof of the mouth) palatine process; maxilla
in each orbit, the ____ whose inferior edge is formed by the maxilla, provides a passageway for nerves and blood vessels inferior orbital fissure
there is a _____ on each maxilla, inferior to the orbit, to allow passage for nerves and blood vessels to the face infraorbital foramen
the ____ bone, together with the temporal bone and maxilla, forms the bony part of each cheek zygomatic
the mirror-image bones that form the anterior aspect of the bridge of the nose are the _____ bones nasal
each orbit is formed, in part, by a small bone called the ____ bone, which contains tunnels leading into the nose called the ____ to allow tear drainage lacrimal; nasolacrimal canals
the L-shaped palatine bones form the ____ posterior of the hard palate
the palatine bones have a process which extends all the way to the ______ orbits
the bones of the skull which contain one or more sinuses are ____, _____, ________, and _____ bones frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxilla
the hyoid is unusual because it is the only bone in the body that _____ doesn't articulate with another bone
the hyoid is fastened to the ____ of the ____ by ligaments styloid process; temporal bones
the hyoid plays a role in ____ and ______. swallowing; speech
there are _____ cervical vertebra, _____ thoracic vertebra, _____ lumbar vertebra 7; 12; 5
all of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with ______ ribs
the laminae and pedicles of each vertebra makes up the vertebral arch
the spinal cord passes through the ____ of each vertebra vertebral foramen
the ____ region of the vertebra is called the body or centrum weight-bearing
vertebrae articulate with one another via projections from their upper and lower surface called ____ and ______, respectively superior articular processes; inferior articular processes
The ____ are formed by notched areas on two articulated vertebra, and provide passages through which spinal nerves to leave the spinal cord intervertebral foramina
distinguishing features of the cervical vertebrae include the _____, which provide a bony channel for blood vessels supplying the brain transverse foramen
the first cervical vertebra is called ______; the superior surfaces of the lateral masses articulate with the ____ of the skull the atlas; occipital condyles
the articulation between C1 and the skull allows ____ nodding of the head
the unusual feature that makes identification of C2 easy is ____ the dens
the function of the odontoid process is to ____ serve as a pivot during side to side head-shaking
the vertebral foramina of cervical vertebra are _____ triangular
the body of a cervical vertebra is ____ oval
the spinous process of most cervical vertebra are ____ forked
the vertebral foramina of thoracic vertebra are _____ round
the spinous processes on ____ are long, thin, blade-like structures thoracic vertebra
inter-vertebral articulation of thoracic vertebra allows _____ rotation
inter-vertebral articulation of thoracic vertebra does not allow _____ flexion and extension
superior articular processes on thoracic vertebra have the facet facing a _____ direction posterior
inferior articular processes on thoracic vertebra (expect those of T12) have the facet facing a _____ direction anterior
superior articular processes on lumbar vertebrae have the facet facing in a ______ direction medial
inferior articular processes on lumbar vertebrae have the facet in a _____ direction lateral
inter-vertebral articulation of lumbar vertebrae allows ____ flexion and extension
inter-vertebral articulation of lumbar vertebrae does not allow ____ rotation
the spinous processes on ____ are short and flat, line an axe blade lumbar vertebrae
the vertebral foramina of lumbar vertebrae are _____ oval or diamond
the sacrum of consist of _____ vertebra five fused
the _____ is inferior to the sacrum and articulates with it coccyx
continuous bands of connective tissue which cover the front and back of the vertebral column are called the ______ anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments
the nucleus pulposus is the _____ inner gelatinous core of an intervertebral disc
the annulus fibrosus is the _____ outer, fibrocartilage layer of an intervertebral disc
the ____ is the inner gelatinous core of an intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus
the _____ is the outer, fibrocartilage layer of an intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus
an abnormal mediolateral curvature of the vertebral column is called _____ scoliosis
an abnormal increase in the thoracic curvature of the vertebral column is called _____ kyphosis
an abnormal increase in the lumbar curvature of the vertebral column is called ____ lordosis
the thoracic cage is formed from the ____, _____, _____, and _____ thoracic vertebra, ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum
the sternum is formed by the fusion of three bones: the _____, ______, _______. manubrium, body, xiphoid process
the true ribs are so called because _____ they are connected directly to the sternum
the false ribs are so-called because _____ they do not connect directly to the sternum
the two false ribs which do not have an anterior connection at all are the _____ ribs floating
ribs ____ to _____ are the true ribs 1; 7
the _____ and ____ of each rib articulates with one or more vertebrae head; tubercle
an adults skull has more bones than the infants FALSE
at birth, sutures are not present and the bones of the fetal skull are connected by _____ fontanels
the _____ fontanel is formed at the intersection formed by the two parietal bones and the two halves of the fetal frontal bones frontal or anterior
the _____ fontanel is formed at the intersection formed by the two parietal bones and the occipital bone posterior
the _____ fontanel is formed at the intersection of a parietal bone, the occipital bone, and a temporal bone mastoid
the ____ fontanel is formed at the intersection formed by a parietal bone, the frontal bone, and temporal bone, and the sphenoid bone sphenoid
the ____ and _____ in the fetal face are unfused mandible; maxilla
only the thoracic and sacral spinal curvatures are present in the newborn true
only the lumbar and cervical spinal curvatures are present in the newborn false
the ____ forms the lower part of the nasal septum and is also visible when the skull is viewed inferiorly vomer
Created by: alyssa_yocom
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