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FINAL 2: Earthquakes

8th Grade Earth Science FINAL 2

QuestionAnswer
What are the four types of seismic waves (in the Body and Surface category)? Body: Primary, Secondary Surface: Love, Rayleigh
Earthquake’s focus and epicenter: what is their position relative to each other? Epicenter is directly atop the focus, but on the surface.
How do you read an earthquake’s seismogram? The readout from a seismograph/seismometer is called a seismogram. The seismogram is used to figure out how much time has occurred between the arrival of the P-wave and the S-wave (lag time). (SEE notes diagram about how to read them)!
How do you locate an earthquake’s epicenter? Epicenter Triangulation - distance only tells how far the epicenter is, not what direction, shown on map as a circle. - Data from three stations are required to find the epicenter. - The place where all three intersect is the location of the epicenter.
How does amplitude relate to an earthquake’s rating on the Richter Scale? -The amplitude increases by a multiple of 10 for each whole number increase on the scale.
How does energy relate to an earthquake’s rating on the Richter Scale? -Magnitude is the amount of energy released during an earthquake. -For each rating, the amount of energy increases by a factor of 32.
What are the characteristics of primary waves? -Type of Body wave -Move rock particles forward and back (compressional waves) as the wave travels through the material. -Travel the fastest. -Can travel through solids & liquids.
What are the characteristics of secondary waves? -Type of Body wave -Move rock particles up and down at right angles (shear wave) as the wave travels through the material. -Much slower than P-waves. -Can only travel through solids.
What are the characteristics of Rayleigh waves? rolling surface waves
What are the characteristics of Love waves? side-to-side surface waves
What is the definition of a Body wave? Waves created by an earthquake that start at an earthquake's focus and travel through the Earth's crust, mantle and cores. Two types of seismic body waves: Primary waves & Secondary waves.
What is the definition of a Surface wave? -Waves created at the epicenter as a result of the P and S wave hitting the Earth's surface. -They cause the surface to move up and down, and from side-to-side in a rolling motion. -Two types of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh -Cause most damage
What is an earthquake's focus? the origin of the earthquake, under the surface
What is an earthquake's epicenter? the point on land directly above the focus.
Created by: *BROOKE*
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