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TRAUMATIC BRAIN DIS

TBI

QuestionAnswer
Penetrating Head Injury Open Head injury, fracture meninges and skull
Non penetrating head injury more common, Closed head injury no fracture meninges or skull.
Meninges membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Causes of Penetrating Head injury Missile, gunshot, Stabbed
Causes of Non penetrating head injury Car accident, Pedestrian accident, Abuse, Fall, Sports.
Risk Factors of TBI Age. More likely in young adults than elder or toddlers. Substance abuse. SES (more likely to be in TBI situations. Type A personality (competitive, hostile, impulsive) Type B (cooperative, docile, Helpful) High risk Sports.
TBI Vs Stroke Diffuse injury to entire brain. No changes and then rapid change. More difficult to predict prognosis. ( damage to specific area more rapid recovery then it slows down)
Abrasion Scratched surface
Laceration Cut
Contusion Bruise
Hemmorhage Bleeding in brain (hematoma (focal bleeding)
Cerebral Edema Sweeling due to increase in blood supply
infaction death of tissue bc of deprived blood supply.
Characteristics Physical, Cognitive, Communicative, Psychosocial and Pragmatic
Physical Deficits difficulty walking poor coordination
Cognitive Deficits Problem solving, orientation, reasoning, memeory, attention
Communicative Deficits anomia, poor comprehension, speech voice swallowing.. dysphagia dysarthria
Pyschosocial Deficits Impulsive,Aggressivenes, Disinhibition depression, apathy.
Pragmatic deficits no turn takin. rambling speech, incoherent.
Prognostic Factors the longer it last the poorer the prognosis 2-8 severe, 9-12 moderate 13-15 mild... < 2 weeks good recovery > 12 weeks poor recoveryseverity of injury focal injury better and diffuse poor recovery. age premorbid intelligence and personality
TBI STAGE 1 (moderate-severe) lose consciousness. lengths varies. begins to respond to the envrionment indiscriminately and purposelessly. decreased attention, hypersenstitive to stimuli, labile, shouting biting, repetitive steroptyped movements.
TBI STAGE 2 (Becomes more lucid) more purpose behavior, restles, orientation improves, follows direction, attention span improves, Able to perform ADL with supersvision.
TBI STAGE 3 (more independence) problems memory, reasoning and attention
Created by: GHAIDEE
 

 



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