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BioAnth 2a
Questions I got correct
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Two concepts that best explain physical anthropology are that: | every person is a product of evolutionary history and each of us is the product of our own individual life histories |
| The scientific method | involves empirical data collection and hypothesis testing |
| A hypothesis is | an attempt to explain observations and predict future scientific results |
| Bipedalism is considered one of the hallmarks of hominin evolution because | it was the first evolutionary development that distinguished humans from other animals |
| How is a theory different than a hypothesis? | A theory is an explanation relying on careful examination and has been tested |
| How has the environment influenced human biology | Changes in the climate produce changes in the environment resulting in changes in human biology through diet |
| Anthropology views humans as both | biological and cultural beings |
| The four branches of anthropology are | physical, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic |
| Boas laid the foundation for scientific anthropology by | relying on the scientific method |
| Uniformitarianism is the theory that | the natural processes operating today are the same as the natural processes that operated in the past |
| Darwinian evolution proposes that | species adapt and change over time based on the evironment |
| the only source of NEW genetic material is | mutation |
| A variant of a gene is known as an | Allele |
| Evolution based on the relative reproductive success of individuals within a species due to the individual's adaptive fitness is known as | Natural Selection |
| the arrangement of rock and sediments in sequential layers is known as | Stratigraphy |
| The chemical or physical results of the genetic code (in other words, the expression of alleles) is known as | Phenotype |
| The molecules that make cells and carry out cellular functions are | Proteins |
| Which of the following statements about mutations is NOT true? | They are always harmful |
| Nucleotide bases in nuclear DNA include all of the following EXCEPT | uracil |
| Somatic cells include all of the following EXCEPT | Gametes |
| DNA replication produces | Two daughter cells |
| In mammals, the male parent's gametes determine the sex of the offspring because | Only males have a Y-chromosome |
| How many chromosomes in a gamete? | 23 |
| Gametes are | Haploid |
| Down syndrome can occur | because of nondisjunction, which yields an extra chromosome |
| The alleles that an organism possesses are known as its | Genotype |
| The portion of a DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein is known as a | gene |
| Human ABO bloodtypes are determined by | Multiple alleles |
| A gene pool is | All of the alleles contained within an interbreeding group of individuals |
| Evolutionary "fitness" refers to an individual's | reproductive success |
| How many cell are produced at the end of meiosis? | 4 |
| How many cell are produced at the end of mitosis? | 2 |
| What makes it possible for humans to accumulate an amazing amount of information over long periods of time | social learning |
| Archaeology is | The study of the behavior and material culture of past human societies |
| Homologous chromosomes | carry genetic information that influences the same trait |
| DNA | Directs cellular function |
| DNA differs from RNA in that | it is the "recipe" for all biological characteristics and functions |
| The two alleles that result in the phenotype for hemoglobin are equally expressed. This is an example of | Codominance |
| Evolution can best be defined as | a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time |
| Mutations to which cells are most likely to have significant evolutionary consequences | gametes (sex cells) |
| What effect does natural selection have on population variation? | it decreases variation |
| The evolution of the modern horse with a single hoof on each limb from a dog sized ancestor with multiple digits is an example of | macroevolution |
| Melanin | is advantageous because it provides protection from radiation |
| Human production of stone or lithic tools is an example of | material culture |
| What are the three observations of natural selection | Organisms produce more offspring than survive, populations vary, and traits are inherited |
| The human Genome Project has identified the location of genes that influence diseases such as | sickle-cell anemia, breast cancer, Tay-Sachs, and cystic fibrosis |
| Darwin drew on information from five scientific disciplines | geology, paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, and evolutionary biology |
| Proteins consist of | Chains of Amino Acids |
| The expression of polygenic traits: | is determined by genes at several loci in conjunction with environmental factors |
| Somatic cells are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT | each contains half a copy of an organism's DNA |
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Sejsarah
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