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Government Test 4

Chapter 14 Bold Print terms

TermDefinition
Judicial Review The power to declare congressional (and presidential) acts invalid because they violate the Constitution.
Civil Cases Court cases that involve a private dispute arising from such matters as accidents,contractual obligation, and divorce.
Common,or Judge -Made Law Legal precedents derived from previous judicial decisions.
U.S. Courts of Appeals Courts within the second tier of the three- tiered federal court system, to which decisions of the district courts and federal agencies may be appealed for review.
Stare Decisis Literally, "let the decision stand". decision making according to precedent.
Appellate Jurisdiction The authority of a court to hear cases that have been tried, decided, or reexamined in other courts.
Docket A court's agenda.
Solicitor General The third highest ranking official of the U.S. Department of Justice, and the one who represents the national government before the Supreme Court.
Judicial Restraint A judicial philosophy by which judges tend to defer to decision of the elected branches of government.
Judgement The judicial decisions in a court case.
Concurrence The agreement of a judge with the Supreme Court's majority decision, for a reason other than the majority reason.
Senatorial Courtesy A norm under which a nomination must be acceptable to the home state senator from the president's party.
Criminal Case Court cases involving a crime,or violation of public order.
Plea Bargain A defendant's admission of guilt in exchange for a less severe punishment.
U.S. District Courts Courts within the lowest tier of the three - tired federal court system;courts where litigation begins.
Precedent A judicial ruling that serves as the basis for the ruling in a subsequent case.
Original Jurisdiction The authority of a court to hear a case before any other court does.
Federal Question An issue covered by the U.S. Constitution, national laws, or U.S. treaties.
The Rule of Four An unwritten rule that requires at least four justices to agree that a case warrants consideration before it is reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Amicus Curiae Brief A brief filed )with the permission of the court) by an individual or group that is not a party to a legal action but has an interest in it.
Judicial Activism A judicial philosophy by which judges tend not to defer decision of the elected branches of government, resulting in the invalidation or emasculation of those decisions.
Argument The heart of a judicial opinion;it logical content separated from facts,rhetoric, and procedure.
Dissent The disagreement of a judge with a majority decision.
Class Action A procedure by which similarly situated litigants may be heard in a single lawsuit.
Created by: beth96
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