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Imperial Japan
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Industrialization | the process in which a society or country (or world) transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services |
| Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force |
| Colonialism | the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. |
| Westernization | a process whereby societies come under or adopt Western culture in areas such as industry, technology, law, politics, economics, lifestyle, diet,clothing, language, alphabet, religion, philosophy, and values. |
| Consolidate | combine (a number of financial accounts or funds) into a single overall account or set of accounts./combine (two or more legal actions involving similar questions) into one for action by a court. |
| Oligarchy | a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution. |
| Revolution | a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system. |
| Expansion | extension of a state's territory by encroaching on that of other nations, pursued as a political strategy. |
| Who was Matthew Perry and what effect did he have on Japan in 1853? | Matthew Calbraith Perry was a Commodore of the United States Navy and commanded a number of ships. He helped open the Japanese ports to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa. |
| Explain the events that led to the fall of the Shogunate, from Matthew Perry's arrival in Japan to the 1868 defeat of the Shogunate. | The shogunate bureaucrats had yielded to Western naval superiority. The shogunate could only depend on the policy of isolation and could not withstand the stress of foreigners.The defeat called Meiji. |
| Describe events in Japan in the first half of the 19th century. | The shogunate combine a central bureaucracy with semi-feudal alliances between daimyos and samurai. Education expanded beyond the upper classes. . Rural riots reflected peasant distress and helped to weaken the shogunate. |
| Though both China and Japan chose to isolate themselves from the world, they reacted very differently to Western pressure. What were the differences in their reactions? | China had the capability to react to the challenge, but did not act. High Chinese population growth. Suffering a dynastic crisis. Knowledge of the benefits of imitation. Limited population pressure. Stronger of two nations |
| What changes were made to Japanese politics in the 1870s and 1880s? | The daimyos were replaced by nationally appointed prefects in 1871 Samurai officials were sent to Europe and the United States to study their economies, technologies, and political systems. Most samurai became impoverished, and revolt resulted in 1877. |
| In what ways did Japan become more western during the reformation of their government? | The system gave power to an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen and former nobles that controlled political currents into the twentieth century. Japan had imitated the West but had retained its own identity. |
| Name at least 5 changes in Japan's reorganization that furthered industrialization in Japan. | New banks were established to fund trade Railways and steam vessels improved national communications.Land reform cleared the way for individual ownership.Private enterprise was involved in the growing economy.expanded education system |
| What do you think was the most interesting social or cultural effect of industrialization? Explain why it was so interesting to you. | the government introduced the Universal Education System. This is because it spread the necessary knowledge to the nation. It helped grow the culture of Westernization. |
| What did not change as Japan became more industrialized? | Some things that did not change about Japan are the way that the Japanese act in the way of manners and attitude. |
| In what ways did Japan and Japanese culture suffer from industrialization? | Poor living standards Disputes with the emperor and his ministers, l Less education Japanese nationalism built on traditions of superiority and cohesion, deference to rulers, and the tensions from change. |
| What year did Hirohito became emperor of Japan? | 1926 |
| What are the ABCD Powers? | A Japanese name for a series of embargoes against Japan by foreign nations American-British-Chinese-Dutch |
| What did President Roosevelt do when Japan refused to remove troops from China? | The US President announced an oil embargo on Japan. |
| Japan used Roosevelt’s action as an excuse to do what to the United States? | For Japan, the move was the perfect pretext for war, unleashed in December 1941 with the Pearl Harbor attack. |
| Who was the longest-reigning emperor of Japan? | Michinomiya Hirohito |
| An increase in Japanese nationalism led to a change in popular allegiances. What was the shift? | During the Meiji period, industrialisation, centralisation, mass education and military conscription produced a shift in popular allegiances. Feudal loyalties were replaced by loyalty to the state, personified by the Emperor. |
| After WWI, how did Japan’s focus change? | Western politicians criticised Japan’s imperial ambitions and limited Japanese military expansion (in 1922’s Five Power Naval Limitation Agreement). |
| What domestic crisis did Japan face between 1928 and 1932? | Economic collapse associated with the Great Depression provoked spiralling prices, unemployment, falling exports and social unrest. |
| What agenda did the idea of ‘Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere’ really mean? | An agenda of Japanese imperial domination in the Far East. |
| What did Japan use as an excuse to invade China in July 1937? | In July 1937, Japanese soldiers at the Marco Polo Bridge on the Manchuria border used explosions heard on the Chinese side as a pretext to invade China. |
| Eventually, the invasion led to a full scale war. Why did Japan dominate the early part of the war? | Japan enjoyed military superiority over China. The army advanced quickly and occupied Peking |
| How many people were slaughtered in Nanking? | 300,000 civilians |
Created by:
Logan_M
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