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Chapter 9 Rocks

QuestionAnswer
rock a mixture of minerlas, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other material
rock cycle model showing processes that create and change rock
conservation of matter rock cycle never destroys elements of rocks, but merely redistributes them
James Hutton recognized the rock cycle in 1788 by observing Siccar Point, Scotland
lava molten rock above the surface of the earth
magma molten rock under the surface of the earth
intrusive rock large-grained igneaous rock formed by slow cooling magma under the earth's surface
extrusive rock small-grained igneaous rock made from magma cooled near or at the earth's surface
basaltic igneous rocks dark-colored;dense ;contain iron and magnesium, but very little silica; the lava flows freely from a volcanoe
granatic igneous rock low density; light color; contain a lot of silica and little iron and magnesium; the magma is thick and stiff
adesitic more balanced composition of materials and density than basalti or granitic rocks
volcanic glass rocks cool so quickly that few crystals form
metamorphic rocks changed by temperature, pressure, and hot fluids
foliated mineral grains flatten and line up in parallel layers or bands
non-foliated mineral grains grow and rearrange but do not form layers
sedimentary rock mostly found on the exposed surface of the earth; can form in solutions; compacted sediments
chalk made from microscopic calcite-shell remains of animals
coal made of plant remains chemically changed by microorganisms and compacted over millions of years
Created by: is2903
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