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Chapter 16
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1-1) What did the hunter-gatherers of Asia use to migrate to the Americas? What was its name? | A land-bridge; the Bering Straight. |
1-2) What did families do in the potlatch? Why did they do this? | They gifted foods and drinks to the community to display rank and prosperity. |
1-3) Describe the pueblos that the Anasazi were living in. | Villages of large, apartment-style compounds made of stone and adobe or sun-baked clay. |
1-4) When did the largest Anasazi pueblo, the Pueblo Bonito, begin? | Around 900 A.D. |
1-5) The Adena built what in which to bury their dead? | They built earthen mounds. |
1-6) Cahokia, leading site of Mississippian culture, was lead by priest-rulers. What did the priest-rulers regulate? | Farming activities. |
1-7) Which tribe would be a good example of a political alliance? | The Iroquois, a group of tribes speaking related languages living in the East. |
1-8) Which chief helped create the Iroquois League? | Chief Hiawatha helped create it, according to legend. |
1-9) Where did the Mississippian trade network cover? | The Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic coast and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico. |
1-10) What were totems used for? | Totems were used as symbols of the unity of a group or clan. |
2-1) The period from 250 A.D. to 900 A.D was called what? | The Classic Period of Maya Civilization. |
2-2) True or false: The Maya had pyramids. | True. |
2-3) True or false: The Maya believed in Judaism. | False. |
2-4) True or false: Tikal was a Mayan city. | True. |
2-5) True or false: The Maya had ball courts. | True. |
2-6) Which agriculture did experts assume the Maya practiced? | Slash-and-burn agriculture. |
2-7) Were the Maya monotheistic or polytheistic? | The Maya believed in many gods. |
2-8) What color was the god associated with the north? East? West? South? | White; red; black; yellow. |
2-9) What was the Popul Vuh? | A book of the history from after the arrival of the Spanish that recounts the Highland Maya's story of creation. |
2-10) Name two reasons the Maya may have vanished. | Increased warfare that lead to disrupted trade or population growth and over-farming that lead to economic hardship. |
3-1) Who was the Valley of Mexico home to? | Several powerful cultures; the ancestors to future Aztecs. |
3-2) What was the significance of Quetzalcoatl? | Quetzalcoatl was a god for many ancient Mexican civilizations. |
3-3) How many pyramids did the Aztecs make? For what purpose? | Twenty; each was dedicated to a different god. |
3-4) What was their most valuable trade item? | Obsidian. |
3-5) What does Teotihuacan mean? | It means "City of the Gods." |
3-6) What did the fierce war god that the Aztecs followed demand from his followers? | He demanded blood and human sacrifice. |
3-7) Who was the god of sun and warfare? | Huitzilopochtli. |
3-8) What were three of the Aztec classes? | Nobles, commoners, and enslaved persons. |
3-9) What was the Aztec calendar filled with? | Religious festivals which varied according to the god being honored. |
3-10) What year did Montezuma II become ruler? | 1502. |
4-1) Where did the Inca originally reside? | A high plateau in the Andes. |
4-2) Where did they eventually settle? When? | The Valley of Cuzco in the 1200's. |
4-3) What does Pachacuti's name mean? | "World Transformer" or 'Earthshaker". |
4-4) Define allyu. | The extended family group that undertook tasks too big for one family. |
4-5) What was the labor tribute known as? | Mita. |
4-6) Which women were drafted into religious services? | Unmarried women. |
4-7) What were they known as? | Mamakuna or "virgins of the sun." |
4-8) When was the glory of Incan civilization? | The early 1500s'. |
4-9) Who was the father of Atahualpa and Huascar? | Huayna Capac was their father. |
4-10) Who won the civil war? | Atahualpa. |