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8th Unit 7b

Nature of Matter Key Terms part 2

TermDefinition
Atom The smallest particle of an element that can exist either alone or in combination
Element A substance which cannot be separated into smaller parts and still retain its chemical identity. For example, sodium (Na) is an element.
Kinetic Energy Energy due to motion of a mass
Law of Conservation of Energy Basic law of nature which claims that energy is neither created nor destroyed but rather changes form
Mass The measurement of the amount of matter that an object contains
Metal A substance that is a good conductor of electricity and heat. They also have the properties of being ductile, malleable and shiny
Metalloid A substance that has some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals
Mixtures A material made up by two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically
Nonmetal A substance that lacks the properties of a metal which are brittle and are poor conductors of heat and electricity
Potential Energy A form of energy that can be converted to other, more useful forms; stored energy
Radioactive A property of an element that causes it to spontaneously decay into other smaller elements
Weight The mathematical relationship between mass and gravitational pull; Mass x Gravity
Ductile Capable of being drawn out into wire or thread
Malleable Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers
Conductor A material or object that allows electricity or heat to move through it
Period A row on the Periodic Table. Every element in the row has the same number of atomic orbitals or energy levels.
Group A column of the Periodic Table. The elements in each column have the same number valence electrons.
Valence electrons The number of electrons in the outer orbital.
Halogens A family of elements all of which have 7 valence electrons and are found in group 17 on the Periodic Table.
Noble Gases A family of inert elements all of which have 8 valence electrons and are found in Group 18 (sometimes called Group 0) on the Periodic Table.
Alkaline Metals A family of elements all of which have 1 valence electrons and are found in group 1 on the Periodic Table.
Alkaline Earth Metals A family of elements all of which have 2 valence electrons and are found in group 2 on the Periodic Table.
Created by: darrin_evans
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