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FA Micro Systems
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Normal flora of skin | S epidermidis |
Normal flora of nose | S epidermidis, colonized by S aureus |
Normal flora of oropharynx | Viridans |
Normal flora of dental plaque | S mutans |
Normal flora of colon | B fragilis> E.coli |
Normal flora of vagina | Lactobacilllus, colonized by E coli and group B strep |
Reheated rice | B. cereus |
Improperly canned foods, raw honey | C. botulinum |
Reheated meat | C. perfringens |
undercooked meat | E. coli O157:H7 |
Poultry, meat, eggs | salmonella |
Meats, mayonaise, custard, preformed toxin | S. aureus |
Contaminated seafood | V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus |
Bugs causing bloody diarrhea | Campylobacter, E. histolytica, EHEC, EIEC, Salmonella, Shigella, Y. enterocolitica |
Bugs causing watery diarrhea | C. diff, C. perfringens, ETEC, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, V. cholerae, rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus |
Pneumonia in alcoholic/IV drug use | S. pneumo, Klebsiella, S. aureus |
Pneumonia in Aspiration | Anaerobes (peptostrep, fusobacterium, prevotella, bacteriodes) |
Atypical pneumonia | Mycoplasma, legionalla, chlamydia |
Pneumonia in Cystic fibrosis | Pseudomonas, S. aureus, S. pneumo |
Pneumonia in immunocompromised | S. aureus, enteric gram-negative rods, fungi, viruses, P. jirovecii |
Nosocomial pneumonia | S. aureus, pseudomonas, enteric gram negative rods |
Postviral pneumonia | S. aureus, H. influenzae, S. pneumo |
Infections causing brain abscesses | viridans, staph aureus, toxoplasma reactivation in AIDS |
most common cause of osteomyelitis | S. aureus |
Osteomyelitis in sexually active | N. gonorrhoeae |
Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease | Salmonella, S. aureus |
Osteomyelitis after prosthetic joint replacement | S. aureus, S. epidermidis |
Osteomyelitis with vertebral involvement | S. aureus, MTB |
Osteomyelitis in cat and dog bites | Pasteurella multocida |
Osteomyelitis in IV drug abuse | pseudomonas, candida, S. aureus |
UTI bugs | E. coli, Staph saprophy, Klebsiella pneumo, Serratia marcescens, Enterococcus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Thin white discharge with fishy odor, clue cells | Bacterial vaginosis |
Strawberry cervix | Trichomoniasis |
Frothy, grey-green foul smellin discharge | Trichomoniasis |
Thick white cottage cheese discharge, pseudohyphae | Candida vulvovaginitis |
Vaginal discharge with pH>4.5 | Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis |
Tx of bacterial vaginosis | metronidazole |
Tx trichomoniasis | Metronidazole, treat sexual partner |
Tx Candida vulvovaginitis | -azoles |
Virus causes hydrops fetalis | Parvo B19 |
Triad of chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification, +/- blueberry muffin rash in neonates | Toxoplasma gondii |
Maternal manifestation of toxoplasma gondii | usually asymptomatic, rarely lymphadenopathy |
Mode of transmission of toxoplasma gondii | cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat |
Triad: PDA (or pulmonary artery hypoplasia), cataracts and deafness, +/- blueberry muffin rash in neonates | Rubella |
Rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis is a maternal manifestation | Rubella |
Mode of transmission of Rubella | respiratory droplets |
hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash, blueberry muffin rash in neonates | CMV |
ToRCHeS infection with periventricular calcification | CMV |
Recurrent infection, chronic diarrhea in neonates | HIV |
Encephalitis, vesicular lesions in neonates | HSV-2 |
stillbirth, hydrops fetalis, CN VIII deafness, saber shins in neonates | Syphillis |
Red rashes of childhood | coxsackie A, HHV-6. measles, parvovirus B19, rubella, strep pyogenes, VZV |
oval shaped vesicles on palms and soles, vesicles and ulcers in oral mucosa | coxsackie A Hand foot mouth disease |
rose colored macules after several days of high fever, febrile seizures | HHV-6 Roseola |
rash begins at head moving downward, preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis | Measles- rubeola |
Slapped cheek rash on face | Parvo B19- Erythema infectiosum |
Pink coalescing macules begin at head moves downward turns into fine desquamating truncal rash, post auricular lymphadenopathy | Rubella- german measles |
erythematous, sandpaper-like rash with fever and sore throat | Scarlet fever- streptococcus pyogenes |
vesicular rash begins on trunk, spreads to face and extremities, lesions of different ages | VZV- chickenpox |
Pathogen associated with decubitus ulcers, surgical wounds, drains | S. aureus |
Pathogen associated with intravascular catheters | S. aureus (including MRSA), S epidermidis, enterobacter |
Pathogen associated with mechanical ventilation, endotracheal intubation | late onset: P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella, acinetobacter, S. aureus |
Pathogen associated with renal dialysis unit, needlestick | HBV |
Pathogen associated with urinary catheterization | E. coli, klebsiella, proteus |
Pathogen associated with water aerosols | legionella |
Pathogen associated with TPN | candida albicans |