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Geological time
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fossil | any remains, impression, or trace of a living thing of a former geologic age, as a skeleton, footprint, etc. |
| Index Fossil | a widely distributed fossil, of narrow range in time, regarded as characteristic of a given geological formation, used especially in determining the age of related formations. |
| Permineralized Remains | process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms. Carried by water, these minerals fill the spaces within organic tissue. |
| Molds and casts | a hollow form or matrix for giving a particular shape to something in a molten or plastic state. |
| Original remains | to be left after the removal, loss, destruction, etc., of all else: |
| Trace fossils | a fossilized track, trail, burrow, boring, or other structure in sedimentary rock that records the presence or behavior of the organism that made it. |
| Relative age | Relative dating is the science of determining the relative order of past events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to another), without necessarily determining their absolute age, (i.e. estimated age). |
| Superposition | Superposition |
| Horizontality | at right angles to the vertical; parallel to level ground |
| Absolute age | ossil or geologic event expressed in units of time, such as years. A good example is your birthday. You were born at a specific time on a specific day of the year. |
| Half-life | the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value. |
| Isotopes | each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass |
| Radioactive Decay | disintegration of a nucleus that occurs spontaneously or as a result of electron capture. |
| Geologic time | the succession of eras, periods, and epochs as considered in historical geology. |
| Eon | an indefinitely long period of time; age. |
| Era | a period of time marked by distinctive character, events, |
| Period | a rather large interval of time that is meaningful in the life of a person, in history, etc., because of its particular characteristics |
| Epoch | a particular period of time marked by distinctive features, events, etc. |
| Pangea | 1. the hypothetical landmass that existed when all continents were joined, from about 300 to 200 million years ago. |
| Trilobite | any marine arthropod of the extinct class Trilobita, from the Paleozoic Era, having a flattened, oval body varying in length from 1 inch (2.5 cm) or less to 2 feet (61 cm). |
| Precambrian | noting or pertaining to the earliest era of earth history, ending 570 million years ago, during which the earth's crust formed and life first appeared in the seas. |
| Mesozoic Era | Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods and is characterized by the development of flying reptiles, birds, and flowering plants and by the appearance and extinction of dinosaurs. See Table at geologic time. |
| Cenozoic Era | is characterized by the formation of modern continents and the diversification of mammals and plants. Grasses also evolved during the Cenozoic. |
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