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IV Therapy Exam
Ms. Jackson IV Certification Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a peripheral IV? | A peripheral IV line consists of a short catheter (a few centimeters long) inserted through the skin into any vein that is not in the chest or abdomen such as the arm, hand, leg, or foot to give fluids or medicines directly into the bloodstream. |
| What does the drip chamber do? | Fluid in drip chamber will run slowly to keep catheter patent |
| When on an electric pump what does the amount represent? | |
| Why is lactate ringers used in surgery? | A type of intravenous fluid which mimics the chemistry of human blood is often used for volume eplacement after a blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or a burn injury. |
| What are common IV gauges used to start IV? | 18, 20 or 22 gauge |
| Define flow rate? | The amount of drops per minute of the medication being infused |
| Understand Blood transfusion | Must have a physician order, must have informed consent, educate pt on purpose, risk factors and adverse reactions, must have verification |
| What are some factors on choosing an IV? | Reason for placement, length of time needed, type of administration, diagnosis and health history, condition and location of skin and veins |
| Where is a central line catheter tip located? | In the superior vena cava within the right atrium of the heart |
| Why is IV therapy used? | Fluid volume replacement, faster route of drug and electrolyte replacement and faster aborption or uptake of medication |
| What is the difference between PO and IV absorption? | Medications via PO must go through the GI tract before being absorbed whereas with an IV the medications are aborbed quickly |
| When is an IV due to be changed? | Every 72 hours |
| When is the IV tubing due to be changed? | Every 72 hours |
| What are the parts to IV tubing? | |
| Snaps, Click lock or needleless device are used to prevent what? | |
| What is a micro drop? | 60 gtts/mL |
| What is a macro drop? | l0, 15 or 20 gtts/mL |
| What is the only fluid that is used with blood transfusions? | After an informed consent has been signed, a primary IV infusion of 0.9% or sometimes 0.45% normal saline is initiated |
| What is a saline lock? | A saline (heparin) lock is a peripheral IV device. It is a short IV line that has been locked off to prevent venous fluid from flowing out. It is primarily used to access a vein for intermittent IV drug therapy. |
| How often should a SL be flushed? | Every 4 hours and before and after administering meds |
| What does SAS stand for? | Saline/administrate/Saline |
| When is the critical time during a blood transfusion? | The first 15 minutes |
| How should the bevel be inserted? | Up |
| Why are IV sites assessed? | For the condition and location of skin and veins. |
| How often should an IV be assessed when fluids are infused? | Every 2 hrs on adults and every hour on children |
| Where should the primary line be when a secondary line is being used? | Lower than the secondary line. |
| What are some things to know before giving IV medication? | Check physician order, 5 rights, drug compatibility, ck label for administration instruction, purpose and potential reactions to the medication |
| What is the smallest IV gauge expectable to use with blood transfusions? | 18 or 20 gauge |
| What is TPN through? | TPN is delivered via central line only |
| Why do we use TPN? | Used for the patient who is unable to take nutrition orally for extended periods of time |
| How is TPN managed? | TPN is ordered every day based on daily chemistries, including blood suger checks every 4-6 hours, assess input/output and vitals |
| When is the TPN bag changed? | Every 24 hours |
| How is TPN dscontinued? | Weaning the patient off of TPN over 24 hours |
| What are the signs and symptoms of the IV complication Phlebitis? | Warm, edematous, hard, painful, erythema |
| What are the signs and symptoms of the IV complication Infiltration? | Cool, edematous and tender |
| What are complications of blood transfusion? | Patients experiencing transfusion reactions frequently say they are “not feeling right.”, may have chills, fever, low back pain, pruritus, hypotension, nausea and vomiting, decreased urine output, chest pain, and dyspnea. |
| What are the interventions for blood transfusion complications? | |
| What may be committed if permission is not received? | |
| What are localized complications for IV? | Phlebitis, Infiltration, Dermis infection and extravasalations of caustic drug |
| How are loclized IV complications treated? | |
| What are the signs and symptoms of a dermis infection related to an IV complication ? | Warm, erythema edematous possible excaudate and painful |
| What are the signs and symptoms of the IV complication related to extravasations of a caustic drug? | Color changes, painful, possible erythemia |
| Name some systemic IV complications? | Allergic reactions, sepsis, air embolism and shock |
| Each bag of blood must be infused within what time frame? | Within 4 hours |
| Blood must be started within what time frame once it has been picked up from the blood bank? | Within 30 minutes |
| What is a PICC line? | Peripherally inserted central catheter PICC lines are used when intravenous access is required over a prolonged period of time, as in the case of long chemotherapy regimens, extended antibiotic therapy |
| What are the 6 rights of medication administration? | the right patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right time, the right route and right documentation |
| the right patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right time, the right route and right documentation |
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bsmymicareo
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