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Rocks & Minerals

vocabulary

TermDefinition
mineral a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical compostion
crystal structure a definite pattern in the way that particles in a substance are arranged
Moh's Hardness Scale a scale developed to help study the hardness of minerals
luster describes how a mineral reflects light from its surface
hardness the ability of a mineral to resist being scratched
cleavage the tendency of a mineral to break along a flat surface where layers of atoms are attached weakly to each other
fracture the tendency of a material to break in a way that is not along a flat surface
streak the color of a mineral in powder form
Crystalization the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
Solution a mixture in which one substance dissolves in another
Vein a narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different from the surrounding rock
Geode a rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with mineral crystals
Element a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
Compound a substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
Fluorescence a mineral's ability to glow under ultraviolet light
Inorganic this means that the mineral cannot form from materials that were once part of a living thing
Texture the look and feel of the rock's surface
Fine-Grained when the grains are so small that they can be seen only with a microscope
Coarse-Grained when the grains in a rock are large and easy to see
Porphyry a rock with large crystals surrounded by small crystals
Intrusive Igneous Rock have larger crystals than extrusive rocks
Extrusive Igneous Rock have a fine-grained or glassy texture
Sediment small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things
Compaction the process that presses sediment together
Erosion occurs when running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away fragments of rock
Cementation the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together
Deposition the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it
Foilated metamorphic rocks with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
Non-Foilated metamorphic rocks with grains arranged randomly
Created by: 1964362684
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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