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CPAS Year 2

QuestionAnswer
AC Electricity in which the direction of flow of electrons repeatedly reverses.
Amp (Ampere) the basic unit of electrical current in the International System of Units (SI)
Battery A device that converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
Circuit a path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow.
Conductor an object or type of material that allows the flow of electrical current in one or more directions.
Coulomb is the International System of Units (SI) unit of electric charge.
Current a flow of electric charge.
DC Electricity which flows in one direction, from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
Electromagnet a device consisting of an iron or steel core that is magnetized by electric current in a coil that surrounds it.
Insulator a material of such low conductivity that the flow of current through it is negligible.
Ohm the standard unit of electrical resistance
Ohm’s Law the law that for any circuit the electric current is directly proportional to the voltage and is inversely proportional to the resistance.
Parallel Circuit a closed electrical circuit in which the current is divided into two or more paths and then returns via a common path to complete the circuit
Power to supply force to operate
Resistance a property of a conductor by virtue of which the passage of current is opposed
Series Circuit is a circuit where there is only one path from the source through all of the loads and back to the source.
Volt the derived unit for electric potential
Voltage The measure of electrical potential.
Watt is the unit of power
Bernoulli’s Principle states that for an inviscid flow of a nonconducting fluid, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.
Compressed air air that has been compressed to a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
Displacement is a vector that is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of a point
Hydraulics the branch of science and technology concerned with the conveyance of liquids through pipes and channels, especially as a source of mechanical force or control.
Pascal’s Law the law that an external pressure applied to a fluid in a closed vessel is uniformly transmitted throughout the fluid.
Pneumatics the branch of physics that deals with the mechanical properties of air and other gases.
PSI pounds per square inch
Bearing the support and guide for a rotating, oscillating, or sliding shaft, pivot, or wheel.
Belt Drive a transmission system using a flexible belt to transfer power
Force Anything that causes the motion of a physical system to change.
Fulcrum 1. The pivot point of a lever. 2. The axis of rotation of a moment arm.
Gears a part, as a disk, wheel, or section of a shaft, having cut teeth of such form, size, and spacing that they mesh with teeth in another part to transmit or receive force and motion.
Inclined plane one of the simple machines, a plane surface inclined to the horizon, or forming with a horizontal plane any angle but a right angle.
Kinetic Energy the energy of a body or a system with respect to the motion of the body or of the particles in the system.
Lever Arm A rod or beam which extends from an axis of rotation to a point where force or a load is applied. Also called a moment arm.
Levers a rigid bar that pivots about one point and that is used to move an object at a second point by a force applied at a third.
Load anything put in or on something for conveyance or transportation
Potential Energy the energy of a body or a system with respect to the position of the body or the arrangement of the particles of the system.
RPM Revolutions per minute; a unit for measuring angular velocity.
First Class Lever A lever where the fulcrum lies between the force exerted and the load.
Second Class Lever A lever where the load lies between the force exerted and the fulcrum.
Third Class Lever A lever where the force exerted lies between the load and the fulcrum.
Torque A force applied at a distance from an axis of rotation.
Work The amount of energy transferred by a force acting through a distance.
Conduction the transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system,caused by a temperature difference between the parts.
Convection the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas.
First Law of Thermodynamics the principle that the change of energy of a thermodynamic system is equal to the heat transferred minus the work done
Radiation the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves.
Second Law of Thermodynamics the principle that no cyclic process is possible in which heat is absorbed from a reservoir at a single temperature and converted completely into mechanical work
Temperature a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value.
Third Law of Thermodynamics the principle that it is impossible to reduce the temperature of a system to absolute zero in a finite number of operations
Thermal Energy s the energy that comes from heat. This heat is generated by the movement of tiny particles within an object. The faster these particles move, the more heat is generated.
Angular Velocity The rate at which an object revolves, rotates, or spins. Measured in revolutions per minute (RPM).
Constant A hard-keyed value in the program code which cannot be changed while the program is running.
Degrees of freedom The ability of an object or joint to rotate or translate with respect to an axis.
Effector A device used to produce a desired change in an object in response to input.
Engineering design cycle The process used in engineering design, consisting of Problem Identification, Brainstorming, Analysis, Prototyping, Testing and Optimization, and Presentation.
Gear train An assembly of gears between the motor and the moving part controlled by the motor.
Gear a part, as a disk, wheel, or section of a shaft,having cut teeth of such form, size, and spacing that they mesh with teeth in another part to transmit or receive force and motion.
Loop A sequence of instructions in programming where, immediately after the last instruction, control passes back to the first instruction.
Motor A device which produces mechanical energy.
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion An object at rest will remain at rest or an object in motion will remain in motion, unless acted upon by an outside force.
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the applied force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion For every force (the action), there exists an equal, yet opposite force (the reaction).
Robotics the use of computer-controlled robots to perform manual tasks, especially on an assembly line.
Rotational Dynamics investigates rotational motion of objects and deals with effects that forces have on motion
Sensor a mechanical device sensitive to light, temperature, radiation level, or the like, that transmits a signal to a measuring or control instrument.
Statement a single instruction in a computer program
Variable A symbol which represents a value which can be changed during the running of a computer program.
Kinematics the branch of mechanics concerned with the motion of objects without reference to the forces which cause the motion. the features or properties of motion in an object.
Created by: BHS Engineering
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