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India
Review of the Indus Valley and Classical India
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Subcontinent | a large landmass that is separated from the rest of the continent. Usually separated by a desert, mountains, |
| Monsoon | Wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons. |
| Mohenjo-Daro | City part of the Harappan civilization located on the Indus River. |
| Harappa | City part of the Harappan civilization located on the Indus River. |
| Aryans | invaders from Central Asia who took over India |
| Sanskrit | The most important language and writing system of ancient India brought by the Aryans |
| caste system | The division of Indian society into groups based on occupation. |
| Hinduism | it teaches that everything is a part of a universal spirit called Brahman. |
| reincarnation | Belief that souls are born and reborn many times, each time into a new body. |
| karma | The effects that good or bad actions have on a person’s soul. It affects how a soul will be reincarnated. |
| Brahman | Universal spirit which Hindus believe created the universe and everything in it. |
| Vedas | Sacred text for Hinduism which contains hymns and poems. It was written in Sanskrit. |
| the Buddha | Founder of Buddhism, he was originally an Indian prince named Siddhartha Gautama. |
| Buddhism | a religion based on the teachings of the Buddha that developed in India in the 500’s BC. |
| nirvana | goal in Buddhism, a state of perfect peace. |
| In the Caste system, Brahmins were | priests |
| In the Caste system, Khsatryias were | warriors |
| In the Caste system, Vaisyas were | farmers, craftspeople, and merchants |
| In the Caste system, Shudras were | servants and laborers |
| Untouchables | lowest of the low, not apart of the caste system. Slaves were also not apart of the caste system |
| Indus River | river that the Indus valley developed around |
| Cotton | Indus Valley people grew cotton and were probably the first to weave cotton cloth |
| Were cities well organized? | Yes, streets laid out in a grid pattern and were paved with brick |
| Indus Valley had the first ______________ | urban sanitation/drainage system |
| Raja | skilled Ayran warriors |
| Brahmanism | first Aryan religion |
| Rigveda | An ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns. |
| Gupta Dynasty | Important Indian dynasty that brought about a golden age in the development of the arts, sciences, and religion. |
| Dharma | Dharma is an important term in Indian religions. In Hinduism it means 'duty', 'virtue', 'morality', even 'religion' and it refers to the power which upholds the universe and society |
| Brahma | Hindu god. The creator. |
| Vishnu | Hindu god. The preserver. |
| Shiva | Hindu god. The destroyer. |
| Moksha | Hinduism - State of perfect understanding of all things and release from life in this world. |
| What is sacred in Hinduism? | Animals, especially cows. |
| What does Buddha mean? | the Enlightened one. |
| Four Noble truths | basis of the Buddhist faith. Describes the cause for suffering and provides a way to overcome suffering. |
| Eight-Fold Path | Way to overcome suffering. Includes: right understanding, right speech, right livelihood, right concentration, right mindfulness, right effort, right action, right intention. |
| Chandragupta Maurya | united India and formed the Maurya empire. |
| Asoka | grandson of Chandragupta. Converted to Buddhism and promises not to go to war. Brought a period of non-violence and toleration. |
| What is the Indus Valley notable for working with? | Copper and Bronze |
| Mahabharata and Ramayana are two sacred texts of | Hinduism |
| The Gupta Empire is considered the "Golden Age" because of | achievements in science, mathematics, and the arts. |
| The fall of the Mauryan Empire is closely related to the death of Emperor | Asoka |
| What was an important achievement in the field of astronomy that occurred during the Gupta Empire in ancient India? | Scholars discovered that earth rotates on its axis every day. |
| Indian mathematicians were able to make great advances in the 3rd and 2nd century BCE, in part because of their development of | the use of "zero." |
| What was the Gupta Empire in ancient India known for? | They were known for their religious tolerance, active trade, and great wealth. |
| Describe India's history during the Gupta Dynasty (320-500s CE) | relative peace and intellectual achievements |
Created by:
MsLyonsMRMS
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