Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APES Ch. 5 Vocab
Evolution of Biodiversity - AP Environmental Science, Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecosystem diversity | The variety of ecosystems within a given region |
| Species diversity | The variety of species in a given ecosystem |
| Genetic diversity | The variety of genes within a given species |
| Species richness | The number of species in a given area |
| Species evenness | A measure of whether a particular ecosystem is numerically dominated by one species or includes similar numbers of different species |
| Genes | Physical locations on chromosomes that code for specific traits |
| Genotype | The complete set of genes in an individual |
| Phenotype | The set of traits expressed as a result of an individual's genotype |
| Microevolution | Evolution below the species level |
| Macroevolution | Evolution that gives rise to a new species or genera, family, class, or phyla |
| Mutation | A process that creates genetic diversity, involves a random change in the genetic code |
| Recombination | A process that creates genetic diversity, occurs as chromosomes are duplicated during reproductive cell division and a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome |
| Geographic isolation | A cause of macroevolution, occurs after physical separation of individuals of the same species |
| Reproductive isolation | A cause of macroevolution, results when two populations (within a species) evolving separately so they can no longer breed and produce viable offspring |
| Allopatric speciation | When a new species is created by the presence of geographic or reproductive isolation (the most common way in which evolution generates a new species) |
| Sympatric speciation | The evolution of one species into two species in the absence of geographic isolation. Usually occurs through polyploidy (an increase in the number of sets of chromosomes beyond the normal two sets) - polypoloid organisms cannot interbreed with diploid |
| Fundamental niche | The ideal conditions for a species |
| Realized niche | The range of biotic and abiotic conditions under which a species lives, determines species distribution |
| Range of tolerance | The range of abiotic conditions a species can tolerate |
| Niche generalist | A species that lives under a wide range of conditions (ex: most insects) |
| Niche specialst | A species that only lives in specific habitats (ex: monarch butterflies need specific plants to eat and reproduce) |
| Mass extinction | When a large number of species go extinct over a relatively short period of time. There have been five, and scientists feel as if we are headed into a sixth one caused by humans and habitat destruction. |
Created by:
emilyjane1221
Popular Earth Science sets