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Weather Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
weather The condition of earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.
condensation When molecules of water vapor become liquid water.
humidity A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
precipitation Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches earth's surface.
air mass A huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure.
maritime tropical Warm, humid air masses that form over oceans near the tropics. In summer, they may bring showers and thunderstorms; in wither, they may bring heavy rain or snow.
continental polar Cool/cold, dry air masses that form over land near polar regions. In winter, they bring clear, cold, dry air; in summer, storms may develop where cP air meets mT air.
continental tropical Hot, dry air masses that form only in summer over land near the tropics. They bring hot, dry weather.
maritime polar Cool, humid air masses that form over cold N. Pacific and N. Atlantic oceans. They bring fog, rain, and cool temps to the West Coast.
isobars Lines joining places on a weather map that have the same air pressure. Lines are labeled with pressure readings in inches of mercury or in millibars.
lake-effect snow Cold, dry air blows across warmer water picking up water vapor. The (humid) air reaches land and cools, producing lake-effect snow.
front The area where air masses meet and do not mix; this is where weather occurs.
occluded front A warm air mass is caught between two cooler air masses and pushed up where it is cut off from earth's surface. The warm air condenses at a higher elevation and produces cloudy, rainy, snowy weather.
cold front A fast-moving cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass; the warm air is pushed upwards, condenses, and produces rain or snow. Heavy thunderstorms are associated with cold fronts. Once the front passes, the temperatures are cooler.
warm front A fast-moving warm air mass moves over a slow-moving cool air mass. Produces rainy, foggy, cloudy weather for days and days since warm air masses move more slowly than cool air masses. Temps are warmer behind the front.
stationary front When a cold air mass and a warm air mass meet but neither one has enough energy to move the other, there is a 'standoff.' Brings several days of clouds and precipitation.
storm A violent disturbance in the atmosphere involving sudden changes in air pressure that cause rapid air movements.
tornado A rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down from a storm cloud to touch earth's surface.
hurricane A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain.
cyclone A low pressure system that rotates counterclockwise
anticyclone A high pressure system that rotates clockwise
High Pressure Represented by a blue H on a weather map
Low Pressure Represented by a red L on a weather map
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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