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Meteorology

QuestionAnswer
Albedo The amount of light that refects off a surface
Air Pressure The force of air pressing on a given area
Anti-Cyclone Wind system that rotates around a high pressure center
Anemometer An instrument for measuring the speed of the winds or gasses.
Air Mass A large mass of air with the same temperature and humidity characteristics
Barometer An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure
Conduction The process in which energy moves from a location of higher temperature to a location of lower temperature as heat. The material does not move, just the heat
Convection The movement of material due to differences in temperature
Condensation The change in a substance from a gas to a liquid, releases energy
Condensation Nuclei Small paricle on which water vapor condensses
Cirrus Cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks at high altitudes
Cumulus A cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude
Coriolis Effect The apparent deflection of a freely moving object like water or air because of Earth's rotation
Cyclone Wind system that rotates around a low pressure center
Dew Point The temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor; when it has 100% humidity
El Nino A natural climate variation in which the trade winds weaken or reverse directions, and warm water accumulates on the ocean surface off of South America
Evaporation The change in a substance from a liquid to a gas by the addition of energy
Greenhouse Effect The trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; moderates temperatures
Humidity The amount of water vapor held in the air
Hygrometer/Psychrometer An instrument for measuring the humidity of the air or a gas
Isotherms Lines connecting locations that have equal temperatures
Jet Stream A fast-flowing river of air high in the atmosphere, where air masses with two very different sets of temperature and humidity characteristics move past each other
Latent Heat Energy absorbed or released as material changes from solid to liquid or liquid to gas
Mesosphere Layer between the stratosphere and thermosphere; temperature decreases with altitude
Ozone Three oxygen atoms bonded together in an O3 molecule. Ozone in the lower atmosphere is a pollutant but in the upper atmosphere protects life from ultraviolet radiation
Occluded Front A front in which a cold front overtakes a warm front
Precipitation Water that falls from the sky as rain, snow, sleet, or hail
Pressure Gradient A physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location
Polar Easterlies Dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the north and south poles towards low-pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes
Radiation The movement of energy through empty space between objects by electromagnetic waves
Refection Bouncing back. A wave bounces off a reflective surface, just as a light wave bounces off a mirror
Scattering The process in which electromagnetic radiation or particles are deflected or diffused
Stratoshpere Above the troposphere; temperature increases with altitude because of the presence of ozone
Sublimation The change of a substance from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid phase
Saturated Heavy or full of something
Stratus Cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow
Supersaturated To increase the concentration beyond saturation ponit
Stationary Front A stalled front in which the air does not move
Storm Surge Water that is pushed in a pile near shore by storm winds causing sea level to rise locally
Thermosphere The outer atmosphere where gases are extremely thinly distributed
Trade Winds A wind blowing steadily toward the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially at sea
Weather Front A boundary separating two masses of air of different densities, and is the principal cause of meteorological phenomena
Westerlies Winds blowing from the west.
Created by: 3172004
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