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Evey's Geology Stack
Term | Definition |
---|---|
rock cycle | rock forms, changes form one type of rock to another, and forms again by processes in and on earth |
sedimentary rock | formed by weathering and erosion of rocks into smaller pieces or sediment, deposition, compaction, and cementation |
sedimentary rock | any rock type exposed at the earth's surface can become part of this rock type |
sedimentary rock | rock type in which fossils are found |
sediment | rock and mineral fragments |
weathering | breakdown of rock by water, heating and cooling, or other natural causes to form sediment |
erosion | movement of sediment by wind and water |
deposition | accumulation of sediment, can result in formation of layers |
compaction | squeezing together of rock layers |
cementation | formation of rock as sediment particles become bound together |
sedimentary rock examples | breccia, shale, sandstone |
igneous rock | rock formed directly from the cooling of magma (molten rock) |
extrusive igneous rock | rock produced when magma cools outside of, or very near, the earth's surface, such as at erupting volcanoes |
extrusive igneous rock examples | obsidian and pumice |
intrusive igneous rock | rock formed when magma trapped deep inside the earth cools very slowly (for more than a thousand years) until it solidifies |
intrusive igneous rock example | granite |
metamorphic rock | rocks that have changed from igneous rock or sedimentary rock into a new kind |
metamorphic rock | rock formed due to the effects of heat and pressure on already existing rock |
metamorphic rock examples | slate and marble |
rock | a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals and / or organic matter |