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The World's Oceans
The World's Oceans Unit Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What force sets a wave in motion? | Wind |
| Describe the motion of water in ocean waves. | Water moves up and down in ocean waves. |
| What is the high point of a wave called? | The Crest |
| What is the low point of a wave called? | The Trough |
| What is the distance between two crests or two troughs called? | Wavelength |
| What is the vertical distance between the trough and the crest? | Wave Height |
| How do ocean ridges form? | New material is pushed up into the crust as pressure pushes lava up from deep in the Earth. |
| What three regions make up the continental margin that extends from the land into the ocean? | Continental Slope, Continental Shelf, Continental Rise |
| What is the region that makes up more than 75 percent of the ocean floor, and is completely flat? | Abyssal Plain |
| What is Salinity? | the degree of saltiness of a salt solution, especially applied to ocean water |
| How does water temperature give a clue as to which ocean layer the water belongs? | The surface is often the warmest part of the ocean. Beneath this first layer of warm upper water is a second layer of warmer water. The deeper you go, the more the temperature drops. Beneath this zone is the coldest zone of all--the deep ocean. |
| How much of the Earth's surface is covered with water? | 71% |
| How is it possible for water to circulate between all four oceans and throughout the Earth? | All the world's oceans are connected. |
| Where is there a greater salt concentration in the ocean? | In Deep ocean waters |
| What is a surface current? | Moving water at the top layer of the ocean. Wind causes most surface currents. |
| What is a deep-water currant? | The movement of water below the surface caused by differences in salinity, temperature, and density. Deep-water currents occur when water rises and pushes away large amounts of warmer water. |
| How do deep water currents move large amounts of water? | The cold, dense water with high salinity sinks as it moves toward the equator. As it heats up it becomes less dense and rises, moving the water directly above it back toward the North Pole. |
| What causes the tides to change? | The moon’s gravity pulls on the Earth, causing the waters on both sides to bulge out. |
| What is an Estuary? | The region where a river flows into the sea, and freshwater and saltwater mix. In an estuary, fresh river water mixes with salty water from the ocean. |
| Describe a Salt Marsh | Grasses and grass-like plants dominate salt marshes. Some salt marshes are so large you can look across them for miles and see nothing but a field of tall, reed-like grasses. |
| How have Mangrove trees adapted to life in tropical areas of the sea? | Prop roots hold the tree up against the force of tides. Other roots called knees stick up into the air at low tide to get air. Thick buttress roots provide support. |
| How have bioluminescent fish adapted to living in the Midnight Zone? | Bioluminescent fish have lures that can produce light to attract prey in this dark ocean zone. |
| Describe the Neritic Zone and the organisms that live there. | It begins where low tide stops and ends where the continental shelf ends. It is bright in this zone. Phytoplankton, small fish, and invertebrates live there as well as cod and makerel. |
| Describe the Oceanic Zone | It begins at the edge of the continental shelf and stretches out into the open ocean. |
| Describe the Twilight Zone and the organisms that live there. | This zone is too dark for photosynthesis. Some whales and many types of fish live here. |
| Describe the Midnight Zone and the organisms that live there. | 1000-4000 meters deep. Almost no light gets through to this zone. Giant squid and many kinds of fish with bioluminescent body parts live here. |
| Describe the Abyssal Zone and the organisms that live there. | Below 4000 meters. The abyssal plain is the final resting place for marine snow, the term scientists use for all the dead organisms, sand, dirt, minerals, and other things that sink through the water to the plains below. |
| What types of resources are found in the oceans? | Many types of fish (such as cod or salmon), oysters, mussels, or shrimp; minerals such as manganese; and fuels such as oil or natural gas. |
| How are these resources harvested from the ocean? | Food may be caught in nets or hatched on shore to be released later, minerals present in nodules are vacuumed from the ocean floor, and fuels are pumped from the ocean by huge platforms. |
| Describe Aquiculture and how it can help conserve fish resources. | The controlled raising of animals and plants in water to provide food. Fish are hatched on shore and raised in cages until they are big enough to be harvested. This practice can help prevent people from catching fish faster than the fish can reproduce. |
Created by:
crhanna2003
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