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Metorology
Vocabulary for Metorology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ozone | the highest region of the Earths atomosphere that absorbs most of the ultraviolent radiation that reaches from the sun to the Earth fifth layor |
| Troposhere | the lowest region of the atmosphere from the surface of the Earth to the lowest point of the stratosphere first layor |
| Stratosphere | the region of Earths atmosphere above the troposhere where airplanes fly second layer |
| Mesosphere | the region of Earths atmosphere that is above the stratosphere but below the thermosphere (meso-middle) the third layor |
| Thermosphere | the region of Earths atmosphere that is above the mesosphere but below the Ozone layer and it is very hot fourth layor |
| Conduction | the process where heat or electricity is directly transfered from one object to another by dirrect touch |
| Convection | the movement of heat going upward in gases or water (example: boiling water) |
| Radiation | the transfer of heat through the air ( suns heat) |
| Reflection | the throwing back of a body or surface of light, heat, or sound without asorbing it |
| Scattering | the process inwhich electromagnetic particals are deflected or diffussed |
| Greenhouse effect | the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface |
| Albedo | the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface, typically that of a planet or moon |
| Isotherms | a line on a map connecting points having the same temperature at a given time or on average over a given period |
| Precipitation | ain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground |
| Latent Heat | the heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without change of temperature |
| Evaporation | the process of a substance in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or pressure. |
| Condensation | water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it. |
| Sublimation | chemical process where a solid turns into a gas without going through a liquid stage. |
| Humidity | quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or a gas. |
| Saturated | holding as much water or moisture as can be absorbed; |
| Dew Point | the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form. |
| Hygrometer/ Psychrometer | an instrument for measuring the humidity of the air or a gas. |
| Weather front | boundary separating two masses of air of different densities, and is the principal cause of meteorological phenomena |
| Condensation nuclei | |
| Cirrus | cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks (“mare's tails”) at high altitude, usually |
| Cumulus | cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. |
| Stratus | cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow |
| Supersaturated | increase the concentration of (a solution) beyond saturation point. |
| Air Pressure | the pressure exerted by air |
| Barometer | an instrument measuring atmospheric pressure, used especially in forecasting the weather and determining altitude |
| Pressure Gradient | physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location. |
| Coriolis Effect | n effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. |
| Jet Stream | a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. |
| Cyclone | a system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression |
| Anti-cyclone | a weather system with high atmospheric pressure at its center, around which air slowly circulates in a clockwise (northern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (southern hemisphere) direction. |
| Trade winds | a wind blowing steadily toward the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially at sea. |
| Westerlies | the belt of prevailing westerly winds in the mid-latitudes of the northern and southern hemispheres. |
| Polar easterlies | are the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the north and south poles towards low-pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes. |
| Anemometer | an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas. |
| El Nino | an irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the equatorial Pacific region and beyond every few years |
| Air mass | a body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure. |
| Stationary front | a pair of air masses, neither of which is strong enough to replace the other. |
| Occluded front | a composite front produced by occlusion. |
| Storm surge | a rising of the sea as a result of atmospheric pressure changes and wind associated with a storm |
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lindseymravcak
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