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Periodic Table
vocabulary for matter and elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
mass | the material/stuff that matter is made up of- it can be measured |
space/volume | the specific area/ place that matter takes up |
density | d=m/v the amount of mass in a specific volume of space |
Atom | smallest part of an element , the building block of all matter |
electron | particle of atom with a negative charge, moves around the nucleus, and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe |
proton | particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus |
neutron | particle of an atom with neutral/ no charge located inside the nucleus along with proton |
periodic table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
element | the simplest substances that cannot be broken down/ the make up all matter in the universe |
peiods/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
groups or family/columns | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has/the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell / energy level |
valence electrons | the electrons that can move on the outer shell/ energy level of an atom |
atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus/ usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons |
atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
physical property | the state of matter and appearance of a substance |
ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical change / reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
compound/ molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific way |