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Chapter 5
8th Grade, Energy and Energy Resources
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is kinetic energy? | the energy of an object because it is moving |
| what is potential energy? | stored energy due to an object's location or condition |
| What happens to the kinetic energy of an object as it's speed increases? | the kinetic energy increases |
| What does kinetic energy depend on aside from the speed of an object? | the mass of the object |
| If two objects are moving the same speed, which one has more kinetic energy? | the one with more mass |
| What specific kind of potential energy is present when an object is raised off the ground? | gravitational potential energy |
| How much kinetic energy does an object have if it has zero speed? | zero KE |
| What two factors does the gravitational potential energy of an object depend on? | the mass of the object and it's height above the ground |
| Energy that is carried by an electric current. | electric energy |
| The ability to cause change. | energy |
| Energy that is due to motion. | kinetic energy |
| The total energy of an object or group of objects due to large-scale motions and interactions. | mechanical energy |
| The energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom. | nuclear energy |
| The stored energy due to interactions between objects or particles. | potential energy |
| Energy that is carried by electromagnetic waves. | radiant energy |
| Energy that is carried by sound. | sound energy |
| The sum of kinetic and potential energy of particles in matter due to their random motion. | thermal energy |
| The energy transfer to an object by a force, making the object move in the direction of the force. | work |
| force that resists the motion of two surfaces that are touching | friction |
| energy can be transformed from one form into another or transferred from one region to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed | law of conservation of energy (LOCOE) |
| transmitted by electromagnetic waves | radiant |
| dug up | fossil |
| nonrenewable energy resource made of the remains of ancient organisms and is burned as an energy source | fossil fuel |
| energy resource that cannot be used up | inexhaustible energy resource |
| energy resources that is used faster than it is replaced | nonrenewable energy resource |
| positively charge centers of atoms | nuclei |
| energy resource that is replaced as fast as, or faster than it is used | renewable energy resource |
| What kind of potential energy is stored when an spring is compressed | elastic potential energy |
| Elastic potential energy can be stored by compressing or ___ an object. | stretching |
| What type of potential energy is stored in food between the bonds of the atoms that make up the food? | chemical potential energy |
| How is chemical energy from food and other substances released? | through chemical reactions |
| What is sometimes described as "the ability to do work?" | energy |
| How much gravitational potential energy does an object have if it is resting on the ground? | zero GPE |
| What happens to the gravitational potential energy of an object if you increase it's height above the ground? | the GPE increases |
| What is the SI unit of measure for energy? | the joule |
| What form of energy is sometimes defined as the sum of large-scale kinetic and potential energies of an object or group of objects? | mechanical energy |
| How do objects produce sound? | by vibrating |
| What kind of wave can travel in a vacuum? (microwaves, for example) | electromagnetic wave |
| A microwave oven changes electrical energy to what? | radiant energy |
| What are the changes from electrical energy to radiant energy to thermal energy? | energy transformations |
| When you throw a ball upward, the ball has its greatest speed and most ______ energy when it first leaves your hand. | kinetic |
| As a ball reaches its highest point, the ball gains its greatest ______ energy. | potential |
| According to _______ "energy can be transformed from one form into another or transferred for one region to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed." | the law of conservation of energy |
| The force that resists the motion of one surface over another. | friction |
| Energy used for cooking and heating. | thermal |
| Gas stoves and furnaces change ______ energy form natural gas into thermal energy. | chemical |
| Plants transform _____ energy from the Sun into chemical energy stored in food. | radiant |
| Many devices you use every day are powered by _____ energy from electrical power plants. | electrical |
| Battery-powered devices change _______ energy into electrical energy for power. | chemical |
| Cars transform most of the chemical energy in gasoline into what? | waste energy |
| Most of the energy that we use every day came from where? | the sun |
| Energy used by people in their daily lives is produced by? | electrical energy plants |
| The three main sources of energy used in electrical power plants? | burning fuels, nuclear, hydroelectric |
| What is an energy source that is used faster than it is replaced or it is in limited amounts. | nonrenewable energy resource |
| What are the remains of an organism that can be burned as an energy source? | fossil fuels |
| _____ and natural gas form from microscopic marine organisms whose remains are subject to extreme temperature and pressure for millions of years. | petroleum |
| What forms on land when remains of plants come under strong pressure? | coal |
| Burning natural gas produces less _______ than burning fossil fuels. | pollution |
| People can transform ______ energy from uranium nuclei into thermal energy. | nuclear |
| Nuclear power plants produce wastes that are _______ and can cause great damage to living things. | radioactive |
| What is an energy resource that is replaced faster or as fast than it is used? | renewable energy resource |
| _____ is radiant energy from the sun. | solar energy |
| Solar cells convert solar energy into _____ energy. | electrical |
| What is thermal energy produced inside the earth called? | geothermal energy |
| What are materials from plants and animals that people burn called? | biomass |
| What is the most common bio-fuel used in cars? | ethanol |
| About 86% of the energy used in the United States comes from ______, a nonrenewable resource. | fossilll fuels |
| _______ energy is one way to make our natural resources last longer. | conserving |
| How do the kinetic energies of a large truck and a small car parked side-by-side compare? | They both have zero KE. |
| How do the gravitational potential energies of a large truck and a small car parked side-by-side compare? | They both have zero Gravitational PE. |
| How do the gravitational potential energies of a large truck and a small car teetering on the edge of the same cliff compare? | The truck has more gravitational PE because of it's larger weight (mass). |
Created by:
gstubblefield
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