click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio 261chp 4
enzymes,potential energy,photosyn
Question | Answer |
---|---|
T/F: EVEN A ONE CELLED BACTERIUM HAS COMPLEXITY AT A CHEMICAL LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION | TRUE |
Through photosynthesis,PLANTS TRAP ___ AND __ FROM CO2 IN THE AIR | CARBON AND OXYGEN |
THROUGH PHOTOSYNTHESIS,PLANTS EXTRACT NITORGEN FROM THE ____ | SOIL |
THROUGH PHOTOSYNTHESIS,PLANTS PULL ___ AND ___ FROM WATER | OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN |
ANIMALS CANNOT TRAP ENERGY FROM THE SUN,SOIL,OR AIR TO MAKE BIOMOLECULES;INSTEAD THEY MUST _____ | EAT PLANTS OR OTHER ANIMALS TO IMPORT NITROGEN CHEMICAL-BOND ENERGY THROUGH RESPIRATION |
RESPIRATION ALLOWS ANIMALS TO CONSUME OXYGEN AND PRODUCE ____ AND ___ | CO2 CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER |
What is the name for the glucose polymers (carbs) and lipid molec are the main energy stores of animals? | GLYCOGEN |
ULTIMATELY,WHAT IS THE ENRGY SOURCE FOR ALL ANIMALS AND PLANTS? | ENERGY FROM THE SUN TRAPPED BY PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS,ENERGY MEANS ONE OF THREE THINGS: | 1) CHEMICAL WORK 2) TRANSPORT WORK 3) MECHANICAL WORK |
ENERGY IS THE CAPACITY TO DO ___ | WORK |
THE FUNCTION OF ____ WORK ENBLES CELLS & ORGANISMS TO GROW,MAINTAIN SUITABLE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT,AND STORE INFO FOR REPROD | CHEMICAL WORK |
NAME AN EXAMPLE OF CHEMICAL WORK IN REF TO WOUND REPAIR | THE CHEM BONDS OF A PROTEIN A BODY USES FOR WOUND REPAIR |
TRANSPORT WORK ALLOWS CELLS TO MOVE __,___,AND ___ THROUGH CELL MEMBRANE | IONS,MOLEC,LARGER PARTICLES |
TRANSPORT WORK IS USEFUL IN CREATING ___ ___ | CONCENTRATION GRADIENT |
WHAT IS A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT? | DISTRIBUTION OF MOLEC IS GREATER ON SIDE OF THE MEMBRANE THAN ON THE OTHER; |
WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF TRANSPORT WORK IN THE ER? | ER USE ENERGY TO TRANSPORT CALCIUM IONS FROM THE CYTOSOL |
___ WORK IS USED FOR MOVEMENT IN ANIMALS | MECHANICAL WORK |
NAME EXAMPLES OF MECHANICAL WORK AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL | ORGANELLES MOVING,CELLS CHANGING SHAPE,CILLIA/FLAGELLA BEATING |
MECHANICAL MOVEMENT AT A ___ LEVEL INVOLVES MUSCLE CONTRACTION | MACROSCOPIC |
MOST MECHANICAL WORK IS MEDIATED BY ___ PROTEINS FROM INRACELLULAR CYSTOSKELETON | MOTOR (IE. ACTIN MICROFILAMENTS;MYOSIN INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS) |
WHAT ARE THE 2 FORMS OF OF ENERGY? | KINETIC AND POTENTIAL |
iN SCIENCE,ENERGY IS REFERRED TO STORED ENERGY IN ___ BONDS | CHEMICAL BONDS |
___ ENERGY REFERS TO MOTION | KINETIC |
STORED ENERGY IS ___ ENERGY | POTENTIAL |
A BALL ROLLING DOWN A HILL IS AN EXAMPLE OF ____ | KINETIC ENERGY |
ELECTRIC CHARGE FLOWING THROUGH POWER LINES | KINETIC ENERGY |
PERFUME MOLEC SPREADING THROUGH THE AIR | KINETIC ENERGY |
A BALL POISED AT THE TOP OF THE HILL HAS __ ENERGY | POTENTIAL |
A MOLEC ON THE HIGH SIDE OF CONCENTRATION GRADIENT STORES __ ENERGY BECAUSE IT CAN MOVE DOWN THE GRADIENT | POTENTIAL |
IN CHEMICAL BONDS,____ ENERGY IS STORED IN THE POSITION OF THE e- | POTENTIAL |
T/F KINETIC ENERGY AND POTENTIAL ENERGY HAVE THE ABILITY TO BECOME EACH OTHER | TRUE |
WORK ALWAYS INVOLVES MOVEMENT,THEREFORE IS ALWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH __ ENERGY | KINETIC ENERGY |
POTENTIAL ENERGY CAN BE USED TO PERFORM WORK,BUT WHAT MUST HAPPEN FIRST? | POTENTIAL ENERGY MUST CONVERT TO KINETIC ENERGY FIRST |
WHAT HAPPENS TO ENERGY DURING THE CONVERSION OF POTENTIAL TO KINETIC ENERGY? | CERTAIN AMOUNT OF ENERGY LOST TO THE ENVIRONMENT AS HEAT |
IS THE CONVERSION OF POTENTIAL TO KINETIC ENERGY 100% EFFICIENT? | NO |
WHEN WORK IS USED TO PUSH A BALL UP A RAMP,WHAT IS HAPPENING TO THE KINETIC/POTENTIAL ENERGY? | MOVEMENT UP THE RAMP (KINETIC ENERGY) TRANSFORMS TO POTENTIAL ENERGY OF THE BALL'S POSITION |
THE BALL SITTING ON TOP OF THE RAMP HAS ___ ENERGY AS THERE IS NO WORK BEING PERFORMED | POTENTIAL ENERGY |
WHEN THE BALL ROLLS DOWN THE RAMP,___ ENERGY CONVERTS TO __ ENERGY | POTENTIAL (BALL ON TOP OF RAMP) TO KINETIC (BALL ROLLS DOWN THE RAMP) |
AS THE BALL ROLLS DOWN,WHAT HAPPENS TO SOME OF THE KINETIC ENERGY? | IT IS LOST TO ENVIRONMENT AS HEAT DUE TO FRICTION BETWEEN BALL,RAMP,AND AIR |
IN BIOLOGY, __ ENERGY IS CHANGED TO __ ENERGY WHEN CHEMICAL,TRANSPORT,AND MECHANICAL WORK IS NEEDED. | POTENTIAL ENERGY TO KINETIC ENERGY |
WHAT 2 LAWS GOVERN THE TRANSFER OF ENERGY | 1ST AND 2ND LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS |
What is the law that states the total amt of energy in the universe stays constant;nothing enters or leaves,energy jUSt converts to another type | first law of thermodynamics or law of conservation of energy |
T/F THE UNIVERSE IS CONSIDERED TO BE A CLOSED SYSTEM AND SO IS THE HUMAN BODY | FALSE;HUMAN BODY IS OPEN SYS / UNIVERSE IS A CLOSED SYSTEM |
WHAT HAPPENS TO ENERGY THAT STAYS IN OUR BODIES | CHANGES FROM ONE TYPE TO ANOTHER [CHEMICAL,TRANSPORT,MECHANICAL WORK] |
THE 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS STATES THAT NATURAL SPONTANEOUS PROCESSES MOVE FROM ___ TO ___. | ORDER (NONRANDOMNESS) TO RANDOMNESS/DISORDER/ENTROPHY |
IN OPEN SYSTEM LIKE THE BODY,WHAT IS NEEDED TO CREATE AND MAINTAIN ORDER | INPUT OF ENERGY |
WHY DOES DIORDER OR ENTROPHY BEGIN? | OPEN SYSTEMS LOSE ENERGY TO SURROUNDINGS W/OUT REGAINING IT |
IN A BIOLOGICAL SYS,____ REACTIONS ARE CRITICAL MEANS OF TRANSFERRING ENERGY FROM ONE PART OF THE SYS TO ANOTHER | CHEMICAL REACTIONS |