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Climate 4
Climate and Climate Changes Chapter 4
Key Term | Definition |
---|---|
climate | The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area. |
tropical zone | The area near the equator, between about 23.5°north latitude and 23.5° south latitude. |
polar zone | The areas near both poles, from about 66.5° to 90° north and 66.5° to 90° south latitudes. |
temperate zone | The area between the tropical and polar zones, from about 23.5° to 66.5° north and 23.5° and 66.5° south latitude. |
marine climate | The climate of some coastal regions, with relatively warm winters and cool summers. |
continental climate | The climate of the centers of continents, with cold winters and warm or hot summers. |
windward | The side of the mountains that faces the oncoming wind. |
leeward | The downwind side of mountains. |
microclimate | The climate characteristic of a small, specific area; it may be different from the climate of the surrounding area. |
rain forest | A forest in the tropical wet climate zone that gets plenty of rain all year. |
humid subtropical | A wet warm climate area on the edge of the tropics. |
subarctic | A climate zone that lies north of the humid continental climate zone, with short, cool summers and long, bitterly cold winters. |
tundra | A polar climate region, found across northern Alaska, Canada, and Russia, with short, cool summers and bitterly cold winters. |
savanna | A tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees; found in the tropical wet- and -dry climate zones. |
desert | A region that gets less than 25 centimeters of rain a year. |
steppe | A prairie or grassland found in the semiarid climate region. |
permafrost | Permanently frozen soil found in the tundra climate region. |
ice age | Cold time periods in Earth's history, during which glaciers covered large parts of the surface. |
sunspot | Dark, cooler regions on the surface of the sun. |
greenhouse gas | Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat. |
global warming | A gradual increase in the temperature of Earth's atmosphere. |
chlorofluorocarbons | Chlorine compounds formerly used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and spray cans; also called CFCs. |