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Unit 3 - Lesson 2-3
Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alfred Wegener | proposed the hypothesis of Continental Drift |
| Continental Drift | all the continents were once joined as a single landmass, called Pangaea, and have slowly drifted apart. |
| evidence of Continental Drift | all the continents fit together like puzzle pieces |
| evidence of Continental Drift | fossils of the same species animal found on multiple continents |
| evidence of Continental Drift | fossils of tropical plants found in now ice covered areas |
| evidence of Continental Drift | same rock formation and rock ages found on multiple continents |
| sea floor spreading | 2 oceanic plates are being pulled away from one another at a mid-ocean ridge |
| subduction | area where an old dense oceanic plate sinks below another plate |
| Theory of Plate Tectonics | Earth's lithosphere is broken into 18 tectonic plates that move on top of the asthenosphere |
| magnetic reversal | permanent record of the Earth's magnetic field recorded in the crust on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge |
| cause of stripes on either side of a mid-ocean ridge | magnetic minerals align themselves with the Earth's magnetic field as the crust cools |
| mirror image of stripes on either side of a mid-ocean ridge | both plates are being pushed away from the ridge at equal rates |
| stripes of different widths | the time between reversals is unknown and unequal |
| ridge push | where 2 plates are being pushed away from one another at a mid-ocean ridge |
| slab pull | where one plate is pulled back into the asthenosphere |
| convection currents | a rising and sinking cycle based on heat and density of the material |
| heated material | less dense and rises |
| cooled material | more dense and sinks |
| heat energy | comes from the core |
| asthenosphere | location of convection currents |
| example of convection current | hot air balloon |
| example of convection current | pot of boiling water |
| move the plates | convection currents |
| types of plates | oceanic and continental |
| divergent plate boundaries | where 2 plates are being pulled apart, divide |
| convergent plate boundaries | where 2 plates are being pushed together, collide |
| transform boundaries | where 2 plates are sliding past one another, slide |
| hot spot | stationary plume of magma, that rises from the mantle to the crust forming volcanoes |
| divergent boundary along an ocean plate | results in a mid-ocean ridge |
| continental -continental collision | results in folded mountains |
| continental - oceanic subduction | results in trenches and volcanic mountains |
| oceanic-oceanic subduction | results in trenches and volcanic islands |
| divergent boundary along a continent | results in a rift valley |
| crust is neither created or destroyed | along a transform boundary |
| crust is formed | along a divergent boundary |
| crust is destroyed | along a convergent boundary |
| result of a transform boundary | earthquakes |
| Earthquakes and volcanoes | occur along plate boundaries |
| created Hawaii | hot spot |
| Hawaiian islands formed | as Pacific plate carried volcanic islands over the hot spot |
Created by:
rajecki
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