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Vaporizers
Kevin's Vaporizer Lecture (SIUE Nurse Anesthesia)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is boiling point? | The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure. |
| Name 2 ways in which gas concentration can be expressed. | 1. partial pressure - absolute valve 2. volumes % - relative ratio |
| What is the heat of vaporization? | Energy used to vaporize a molecule. Expressed as the number of calories to convert 1 g of liquid into a vapor. |
| What is specific heat? | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of substance by 1 degree C. Different value for different substances and illustrates how each substance requires different amounts of energy to increase temperature based on chemical properties. |
| Name 3 ways in which vaporizer designs can be classified. | 1. concentration calibrated (vaporizer tailored to a specific agent) 2. vaporizer method (flow-over or injection) 3. temperature compensation method (mechanical thermocompensation or supplied heat) |
| Name two types of concentration calibrated vaporizers. | 1. variable bypass 2. electronic |
| What are three characteristics of a variable bypass vaporizer? | 1. Vapor pressures of anesthetic agents at room temp are reater than partial pressure required to produce anesthesia 2. A vaporizer dilutes saturated vapor 3. Can be accomplished by splitting gas flow passing through vaporizer |
| What is a splitting ratio? | The ratio of bypass gas to gas going to the vaporizing chamber. |
| For variable bypass vaporizer, what happens to the concentration of HA as latent heat of vaporization occurs and the liquid agent cools? | When latent heat of vaporization occurs, concentration of agent decreases because temp decreases. |
| How does a variable bypass vaporizer adjust to compensate for latent heat of vaporization? | Modern vaporizers counteract this by increasing FGF to maintain concentration of agent. |
| Why is a Tec6 vaporizer known as a dual-circuit vaporizer? | FGF travels through one circuit and does not interact with the vapor. In another circuit, the liquid agent is vaporized. The two circuits are then mixed together. |
| What temperature and vapor pressure is the liquid agent brought up to? | 39°C and 1500 mmHg |
| Name an inhalational agent which is sometimes delivered via the injection method. | Desflurane |
| How does mechanical thermocompensation work? | The vaporizer automatically adjust the splitting ratio to account for latent heat of vaporization. |
| What mechanism ensures that only one vaporizer can be turned on at a time? | The interlock system, |
| What should be done before filling a vaporizer (except for tec6 vaporizer)? | Turn off the vaporizer. |
| What color code is used for isoflurane? | purple |
| What color code is used for sevoflurane? | yellow |
| What should the anesthetist do if the vaporizer is tilted more than 45 degrees? | Take the vaporizer out of service, consult the user manual, call a service technician. |
| What can happen if a vaporizer is overfilled? | liquid agent can enter the fresh gas line, delivering a leathal concentration of inhalational agent. |
| What can happen to the vaporizer if the check valve stops working correctly? | Pumping effect due to intermittent back pressure. |
| Why does desflurane need a special vaporizer? | Because its boiling point is almost at room temperature. If not controlled properly it would constitute an almost 100% concentration, causing an hypoxic mixture. |
Created by:
toppu2020
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