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Science

Support and movement: unit 2

QuestionAnswerSentence
Appendicular skeleton the bones of the limbs,including the bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles. The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs and the girdles.
Periosteum the outer surface of a bone that contains blood vessels and nerves. The outer surface of the bone is called the periosteum.
Compact bone the layer of bone that provides most of its strength. The next layer is called compact bone.
Cancellous bone the layers of bone that have many open spaces like a sponge. Cancellous bone is not quite as hard as compact bone, but is still very strong.
Bone marrow a thick,jelly-like layer of bone that makes blood cells or stores fat. In many bones(like the femur), the cancellous bone protects the innermost part of the bone called bone marrow.
Joint the place where two bones meet. Some joints are fixed while others move.
Hinge joint joints that allow one-way movement Your elbows and knees each have hinge joints.
Ball and socket joint joints that allow movement in all directions. You can find these joints at your shoulders and hips.
Ligament a strong elastic band of connective tissue Bones are held together at the joints by ligaments.
Muscular system a body system that consists of skeletal muscles and tendons. The muscular system consists of the skeletal muscles and tendons.
Tendon a strand of tough connective tissue that attaches a skeletal muscle to a bone.
Flexor a muscle that bends part of your body.
Extensor a muscle that straightens part of your body.
Force a push or pull, or any action that has the ability to change motion. Forces are created in many different ways.
Input force the force applied by a lever (also called the effort). In ropes and pulleys, the input force is what you apply to the rope.
Output force the force exerted on the load. The output force is what gets applied to load you are trying to lift.
Fulcrum the fixed point where a lever rotates. Levers are useful because you can arrange the fulcrum and input and output arms to adapt to the task you need to perform.
Mechanical advantage the ratio of output force produced by a simple machine to applied input force. The ability of a lever to perform a task depends on its mechanical advantage.
Axial skeleton forms the axis of the body and includes the skull,vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. The axial skeleton consists of bones that form the axis of the body.
Created by: VK Vocab
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